
# Index

[Symbols](#indexdiv-Symbols) | [A](#indexdiv-A) | [B](#indexdiv-B) | [C](#indexdiv-C) | [D](#indexdiv-D) | [E](#indexdiv-E) | [F](#indexdiv-F) | [G](#indexdiv-G) | [H](#indexdiv-H) | [I](#indexdiv-I) | [J](#indexdiv-J) | [K](#indexdiv-K) | [L](#indexdiv-L) | [M](#indexdiv-M) | [N](#indexdiv-N) | [O](#indexdiv-O) | [P](#indexdiv-P) | [Q](#indexdiv-Q) | [R](#indexdiv-R) | [S](#indexdiv-S) | [T](#indexdiv-T) | [U](#indexdiv-U) | [V](#indexdiv-V) | [W](#indexdiv-W) | [X](#indexdiv-X) | [Y](#indexdiv-Y) | [Z](#indexdiv-Z)

### Symbols

$, [Positional Parameters](sql-expressions.html#SQL-EXPRESSIONS-PARAMETERS-POSITIONAL)

$libdir, [Dynamic Loading](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-DYNLOAD)

$libdir/plugins, [Shared Library Preloading](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-PRELOAD), [Description](sql-load.html#SQL-LOAD-DESCRIPTION)

\*, [Select-List Items](queries-select-lists.html#QUERIES-SELECT-LIST-ITEMS)

.pgpass, [The Password File](libpq-pgpass.html)

.pg\_service.conf, [The Connection Service File](libpq-pgservice.html)

::, [Type Casts](sql-expressions.html#SQL-SYNTAX-TYPE-CASTS)

\_PG\_archive\_module\_init, [Initialization Functions](archive-module-init.html)

\_PG\_init, [Dynamic Loading](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-DYNLOAD)

\_PG\_oauth\_validator\_module\_init, [Initialization Functions](oauth-validator-init.html)

\_PG\_output\_plugin\_init, [Initialization Function](logicaldecoding-output-plugin.html#LOGICALDECODING-OUTPUT-INIT)

### A

abbrev, [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

ABORT, [ABORT](sql-abort.html)

abs, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

ACL, [Privileges](ddl-priv.html)

aclcontains, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

acldefault, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

aclexplode, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

aclitem, [Privileges](ddl-priv.html)

aclitemeq, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

acos, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

acosd, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

acosh, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

administration tools

externally maintained, [Administration Tools](external-admin-tools.html)

advisory lock, [Advisory Locks](explicit-locking.html#ADVISORY-LOCKS)

age, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html), [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

aggregate function, [Aggregate Functions](tutorial-agg.html), [Aggregate Expressions](sql-expressions.html#SYNTAX-AGGREGATES), [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html), [User-Defined Aggregates](xaggr.html)

built-in, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

invocation, [Aggregate Expressions](sql-expressions.html#SYNTAX-AGGREGATES)

moving aggregate, [Moving-Aggregate Mode](xaggr.html#XAGGR-MOVING-AGGREGATES)

ordered set, [Ordered-Set Aggregates](xaggr.html#XAGGR-ORDERED-SET-AGGREGATES)

partial aggregation, [Partial Aggregation](xaggr.html#XAGGR-PARTIAL-AGGREGATES)

polymorphic, [Polymorphic and Variadic Aggregates](xaggr.html#XAGGR-POLYMORPHIC-AGGREGATES)

support functions for, [Support Functions for Aggregates](xaggr.html#XAGGR-SUPPORT-FUNCTIONS)

user-defined, [User-Defined Aggregates](xaggr.html)

variadic, [Polymorphic and Variadic Aggregates](xaggr.html#XAGGR-POLYMORPHIC-AGGREGATES)

akeys, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

alias, [Table and Column Aliases](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-TABLE-ALIASES), [Column Labels](queries-select-lists.html#QUERIES-COLUMN-LABELS)

for table name in query, [Joins Between Tables](tutorial-join.html)

in the FROM clause, [Table and Column Aliases](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-TABLE-ALIASES)

in the select list, [Column Labels](queries-select-lists.html#QUERIES-COLUMN-LABELS)

ALL, [GROUPING SETS, CUBE, and ROLLUP](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-GROUPING-SETS), [DISTINCT](queries-select-lists.html#QUERIES-DISTINCT), [Subquery Expressions](functions-subquery.html), [Row and Array Comparisons](functions-comparisons.html)

GROUP BY ALL, [GROUPING SETS, CUBE, and ROLLUP](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-GROUPING-SETS)

SELECT ALL, [DISTINCT](queries-select-lists.html#QUERIES-DISTINCT)

allow\_alter\_system configuration parameter, [Platform and Client Compatibility](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-CLIENTS)

allow\_in\_place\_tablespaces configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

allow\_system\_table\_mods configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

ALTER AGGREGATE, [ALTER AGGREGATE](sql-alteraggregate.html)

ALTER COLLATION, [ALTER COLLATION](sql-altercollation.html)

ALTER CONVERSION, [ALTER CONVERSION](sql-alterconversion.html)

ALTER DATABASE, [ALTER DATABASE](sql-alterdatabase.html)

ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES, [ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES](sql-alterdefaultprivileges.html)

ALTER DOMAIN, [ALTER DOMAIN](sql-alterdomain.html)

ALTER EVENT TRIGGER, [ALTER EVENT TRIGGER](sql-altereventtrigger.html)

ALTER EXTENSION, [ALTER EXTENSION](sql-alterextension.html)

ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER, [ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER](sql-alterforeigndatawrapper.html)

ALTER FOREIGN TABLE, [ALTER FOREIGN TABLE](sql-alterforeigntable.html)

ALTER FUNCTION, [ALTER FUNCTION](sql-alterfunction.html)

ALTER GROUP, [ALTER GROUP](sql-altergroup.html)

ALTER INDEX, [ALTER INDEX](sql-alterindex.html)

ALTER LANGUAGE, [ALTER LANGUAGE](sql-alterlanguage.html)

ALTER LARGE OBJECT, [ALTER LARGE OBJECT](sql-alterlargeobject.html)

ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, [ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW](sql-altermaterializedview.html)

ALTER OPERATOR, [ALTER OPERATOR](sql-alteroperator.html)

ALTER OPERATOR CLASS, [ALTER OPERATOR CLASS](sql-alteropclass.html)

ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY, [ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY](sql-alteropfamily.html)

ALTER POLICY, [ALTER POLICY](sql-alterpolicy.html)

ALTER PROCEDURE, [ALTER PROCEDURE](sql-alterprocedure.html)

ALTER PUBLICATION, [ALTER PUBLICATION](sql-alterpublication.html)

ALTER ROLE, [Role Attributes](role-attributes.html), [ALTER ROLE](sql-alterrole.html)

ALTER ROUTINE, [ALTER ROUTINE](sql-alterroutine.html)

ALTER RULE, [ALTER RULE](sql-alterrule.html)

ALTER SCHEMA, [ALTER SCHEMA](sql-alterschema.html)

ALTER SEQUENCE, [ALTER SEQUENCE](sql-altersequence.html)

ALTER SERVER, [ALTER SERVER](sql-alterserver.html)

ALTER STATISTICS, [ALTER STATISTICS](sql-alterstatistics.html)

ALTER SUBSCRIPTION, [ALTER SUBSCRIPTION](sql-altersubscription.html)

ALTER SYSTEM, [ALTER SYSTEM](sql-altersystem.html)

ALTER TABLE, [ALTER TABLE](sql-altertable.html)

ALTER TABLESPACE, [ALTER TABLESPACE](sql-altertablespace.html)

ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION, [ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION](sql-altertsconfig.html)

ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY, [ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY](sql-altertsdictionary.html)

ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER, [ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER](sql-altertsparser.html)

ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE, [ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE](sql-altertstemplate.html)

ALTER TRIGGER, [ALTER TRIGGER](sql-altertrigger.html)

ALTER TYPE, [ALTER TYPE](sql-altertype.html)

ALTER USER, [ALTER USER](sql-alteruser.html)

ALTER USER MAPPING, [ALTER USER MAPPING](sql-alterusermapping.html)

ALTER VIEW, [ALTER VIEW](sql-alterview.html)

ALTER\_REPLICATION\_SLOT, [Streaming Replication Protocol](protocol-replication.html)

amcheck, [amcheck — tools to verify table and index consistency](amcheck.html)

ANALYZE, [Updating Planner Statistics](routine-vacuuming.html#VACUUM-FOR-STATISTICS), [ANALYZE](sql-analyze.html)

AND (operator), [Logical Operators](functions-logical.html)

anonymous code blocks, [DO](sql-do.html)

any, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

ANY, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html), [Subquery Expressions](functions-subquery.html), [Row and Array Comparisons](functions-comparisons.html)

anyarray, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

anycompatible, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

anycompatiblearray, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

anycompatiblemultirange, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

anycompatiblenonarray, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

anycompatiblerange, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

anyelement, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

anyenum, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

anymultirange, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

anynonarray, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

anyrange, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

any\_value, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

applicable role, [applicable\_roles](infoschema-applicable-roles.html)

application\_name configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

arbitrary precision numbers, [Arbitrary Precision Numbers](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-NUMERIC-DECIMAL)

Archive Modules, [Archive Modules](archive-modules.html)

archive\_cleanup\_command configuration parameter, [Archive Recovery](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-ARCHIVE-RECOVERY)

archive\_command configuration parameter, [Archiving](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-ARCHIVING)

archive\_library configuration parameter, [Archiving](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-ARCHIVING)

archive\_mode configuration parameter, [Archiving](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-ARCHIVING)

archive\_timeout configuration parameter, [Archiving](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-ARCHIVING)

area, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

armor, [armor(), dearmor()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PGP-ENC-FUNCS-ARMOR)

array, [Arrays](arrays.html)

accessing, [Accessing Arrays](arrays.html#ARRAYS-ACCESSING)

constant, [Array Value Input](arrays.html#ARRAYS-INPUT)

constructor, [Array Constructors](sql-expressions.html#SQL-SYNTAX-ARRAY-CONSTRUCTORS)

declaration, [Declaration of Array Types](arrays.html#ARRAYS-DECLARATION)

I/O, [Array Input and Output Syntax](arrays.html#ARRAYS-IO)

modifying, [Modifying Arrays](arrays.html#ARRAYS-MODIFYING)

of user-defined type, [User-Defined Types](xtypes.html)

searching, [Searching in Arrays](arrays.html#ARRAYS-SEARCHING)

ARRAY, [Array Constructors](sql-expressions.html#SQL-SYNTAX-ARRAY-CONSTRUCTORS), [UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs](typeconv-union-case.html)

determination of result type, [UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs](typeconv-union-case.html)

array\_agg, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html), [Functions](intagg.html#INTAGG-FUNCTIONS)

array\_append, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_cat, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_dims, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_fill, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_length, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_lower, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_ndims, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_nulls configuration parameter, [Previous PostgreSQL Versions](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-VERSION)

array\_position, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_positions, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_prepend, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_remove, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_replace, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_reverse, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_sample, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_shuffle, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_sort, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_to\_json, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

array\_to\_string, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

array\_to\_tsvector, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html)

array\_upper, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

ascii, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

asin, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

asind, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

asinh, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

ASSERT

in PL/pgSQL, [Checking Assertions](plpgsql-errors-and-messages.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-ASSERT)

assertions

in PL/pgSQL, [Checking Assertions](plpgsql-errors-and-messages.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-ASSERT)

asynchronous commit, [Asynchronous Commit](wal-async-commit.html)

Asynchronous I/O, [Glossary](glossary.html)

AT LOCAL, [AT TIME ZONE and AT LOCAL](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-ZONECONVERT)

AT TIME ZONE, [AT TIME ZONE and AT LOCAL](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-ZONECONVERT)

atan, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

atan2, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

atan2d, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

atand, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

atanh, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

authentication\_timeout configuration parameter, [Authentication](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-AUTHENTICATION)

auth\_delay, [auth\_delay — pause on authentication failure](auth-delay.html)

auth\_delay.milliseconds configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auth-delay.html#AUTH-DELAY-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto-increment (see [serial](#ientry-id-1.5.7.9.9.3))

autocommit

bulk-loading data, [Disable Autocommit](populate.html#DISABLE-AUTOCOMMIT)

psql, [Variables](app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-VARIABLES)

autosummarize storage parameter, [Index Storage Parameters](sql-createindex.html#SQL-CREATEINDEX-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum

general information, [The Autovacuum Daemon](routine-vacuuming.html#AUTOVACUUM)

autovacuum configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

autovacuum\_analyze\_scale\_factor

configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_analyze\_threshold

configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_enabled storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_freeze\_max\_age

configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_freeze\_min\_age storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_freeze\_table\_age storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_max\_workers configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

autovacuum\_multixact\_freeze\_max\_age

configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_multixact\_freeze\_min\_age storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_multixact\_freeze\_table\_age storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_naptime configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

autovacuum\_vacuum\_cost\_delay

configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_vacuum\_cost\_limit

configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_vacuum\_insert\_scale\_factor

configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_vacuum\_insert\_threshold

configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_vacuum\_max\_threshold

configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_vacuum\_scale\_factor

configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_vacuum\_threshold

configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

autovacuum\_worker\_slots configuration parameter, [Automatic Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-AUTOVACUUM)

autovacuum\_work\_mem configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

auto\_explain, [auto\_explain — log execution plans of slow queries](auto-explain.html)

auto\_explain.log\_analyze configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto\_explain.log\_buffers configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto\_explain.log\_format configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto\_explain.log\_level configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto\_explain.log\_min\_duration configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto\_explain.log\_nested\_statements configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto\_explain.log\_parameter\_max\_length configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto\_explain.log\_settings configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto\_explain.log\_timing configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto\_explain.log\_triggers configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto\_explain.log\_verbose configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto\_explain.log\_wal configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

auto\_explain.sample\_rate configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](auto-explain.html#AUTO-EXPLAIN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

avals, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

average, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

avg, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

### B

B-Tree (see [index](#ientry-id-1.5.10.2))

backend\_flush\_after configuration parameter, [I/O](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-IO)

Background workers, [Background Worker Processes](bgworker.html)

backslash escapes, [String Constants with C-Style Escapes](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-STRINGS-ESCAPE)

backslash\_quote configuration parameter, [Previous PostgreSQL Versions](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-VERSION)

backtrace\_functions configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

backup, [Backup Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP), [Backup and Restore](backup.html)

Backup Manifest, [Backup Manifest Format](backup-manifest-format.html)

base type, [The PostgreSQL Type System](extend-type-system.html)

base64 format, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

basebackup\_to\_shell, [basebackup\_to\_shell — example "shell" pg\_basebackup module](basebackup-to-shell.html)

basebackup\_to\_shell.command configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](basebackup-to-shell.html#BASEBACKUP-TO-SHELL-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

basebackup\_to\_shell.required\_role configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](basebackup-to-shell.html#BASEBACKUP-TO-SHELL-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

BASE\_BACKUP, [Streaming Replication Protocol](protocol-replication.html)

basic\_archive, [basic\_archive — an example WAL archive module](basic-archive.html)

basic\_archive.archive\_directory configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](basic-archive.html#BASIC-ARCHIVE-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

batch mode, [Pipeline Mode](libpq-pipeline-mode.html)

in libpq, [Pipeline Mode](libpq-pipeline-mode.html)

BEGIN, [BEGIN](sql-begin.html)

BETWEEN, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

BETWEEN SYMMETRIC, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

BGWORKER\_BACKEND\_​DATABASE\_CONNECTION, [Background Worker Processes](bgworker.html)

BGWORKER\_SHMEM\_ACCESS, [Background Worker Processes](bgworker.html)

bgwriter\_delay configuration parameter, [Background Writer](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-BACKGROUND-WRITER)

bgwriter\_flush\_after configuration parameter, [Background Writer](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-BACKGROUND-WRITER)

bgwriter\_lru\_maxpages configuration parameter, [Background Writer](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-BACKGROUND-WRITER)

bgwriter\_lru\_multiplier configuration parameter, [Background Writer](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-BACKGROUND-WRITER)

bigint, [Numeric Constants](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-CONSTANTS-NUMERIC), [Integer Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-INT)

bigserial, [Serial Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-SERIAL)

binary data, [Binary Data Types](datatype-binary.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

functions, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

binary string

concatenation, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

converting to character string, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

length, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

bison, [Requirements](install-requirements.html)

bit string, [Bit-String Constants](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-BIT-STRINGS), [Bit String Types](datatype-bit.html)

constant, [Bit-String Constants](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-BIT-STRINGS)

data type, [Bit String Types](datatype-bit.html)

length, [Bit String Functions and Operators](functions-bitstring.html)

bit strings, [Bit String Functions and Operators](functions-bitstring.html)

functions, [Bit String Functions and Operators](functions-bitstring.html)

bitmap scan, [Combining Multiple Indexes](indexes-bitmap-scans.html), [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

bit\_and, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

bit\_count, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html), [Bit String Functions and Operators](functions-bitstring.html)

bit\_length, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html), [Bit String Functions and Operators](functions-bitstring.html)

bit\_or, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

bit\_xor, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

BLOB (see [large object](#ientry-id-1.7.4.2))

block\_size configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

bloom, [bloom — bloom filter index access method](bloom.html)

bonjour configuration parameter, [Connection Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SETTINGS)

bonjour\_name configuration parameter, [Connection Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SETTINGS)

Boolean, [Boolean Type](datatype-boolean.html)

data type, [Boolean Type](datatype-boolean.html)

operators (see operators, logical)

bool\_and, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

bool\_or, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

booting

starting the server during, [Starting the Database Server](server-start.html)

bound\_box, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

box, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

box (data type), [Boxes](datatype-geometric.html#DATATYPE-GEOMETRIC-BOXES)

bpchar, [Character Types](datatype-character.html)

BRIN (see [index](#ientry-id-1.5.10.2))

brin\_desummarize\_range, [Index Maintenance Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-INDEX)

brin\_metapage\_info, [BRIN Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-BRIN-FUNCS)

brin\_page\_items, [BRIN Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-BRIN-FUNCS)

brin\_page\_type, [BRIN Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-BRIN-FUNCS)

brin\_revmap\_data, [BRIN Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-BRIN-FUNCS)

brin\_summarize\_new\_values, [Index Maintenance Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-INDEX)

brin\_summarize\_range, [Index Maintenance Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-INDEX)

broadcast, [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

BSD Authentication, [BSD Authentication](auth-bsd.html)

btree\_gin, [btree\_gin — GIN operator classes with B-tree behavior](btree-gin.html)

btree\_gist, [btree\_gist — GiST operator classes with B-tree behavior](btree-gist.html)

btrim, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

bt\_index\_check, [Functions](amcheck.html#AMCHECK-FUNCTIONS)

bt\_index\_parent\_check, [Functions](amcheck.html#AMCHECK-FUNCTIONS)

bt\_metap, [B-Tree Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-B-TREE-FUNCS)

bt\_multi\_page\_stats, [B-Tree Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-B-TREE-FUNCS)

bt\_page\_items, [B-Tree Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-B-TREE-FUNCS)

bt\_page\_stats, [B-Tree Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-B-TREE-FUNCS)

buffering storage parameter, [Index Storage Parameters](sql-createindex.html#SQL-CREATEINDEX-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

bytea, [Binary Data Types](datatype-binary.html)

bytea\_output configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

### C

C, [libpq — C Library](libpq.html), [ECPG — Embedded SQL in C](ecpg.html)

C++, [Using C++ for Extensibility](xfunc-c.html#EXTEND-CPP)

CALL, [CALL](sql-call.html)

canceling SQL queries, [Canceling Queries in Progress](libpq-cancel.html)

cardinality, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

CASCADE, [Dependency Tracking](ddl-depend.html)

with DROP, [Dependency Tracking](ddl-depend.html)

foreign key action, [Foreign Keys](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-FK)

Cascading Replication, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

CASE, [Conditional Expressions](functions-conditional.html), [UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs](typeconv-union-case.html)

determination of result type, [UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs](typeconv-union-case.html)

case sensitivity

of SQL commands, [Identifiers and Key Words](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS)

casefold, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

cast, [CREATE CAST](sql-createcast.html)

I/O conversion, [CREATE CAST](sql-createcast.html)

cbrt, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

ceil, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

ceiling, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

center, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

Certificate, [Certificate Authentication](auth-cert.html)

chained transactions, [Transaction Management](plpgsql-transactions.html#PLPGSQL-TRANSACTION-CHAIN), [Parameters](sql-commit.html#SQL-COMMIT-CHAIN), [Parameters](sql-rollback.html#SQL-ROLLBACK-CHAIN)

in PL/pgSQL, [Transaction Management](plpgsql-transactions.html#PLPGSQL-TRANSACTION-CHAIN)

char, [Character Types](datatype-character.html)

character, [Character Types](datatype-character.html)

character set, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT), [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html), [Character Set Support](multibyte.html)

character string, [String Constants](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-STRINGS), [Character Types](datatype-character.html)

concatenation, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

constant, [String Constants](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-STRINGS)

converting to binary string, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

data types, [Character Types](datatype-character.html)

length, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

prefix test, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

character varying, [Character Types](datatype-character.html)

character\_length, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

char\_length, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

check constraint, [Check Constraints](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-CHECK-CONSTRAINTS)

CHECK OPTION, [CREATE VIEW](sql-createview.html)

checkpoint, [WAL Configuration](wal-configuration.html)

CHECKPOINT, [CHECKPOINT](sql-checkpoint.html)

checkpoint\_completion\_target configuration parameter, [Checkpoints](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-CHECKPOINTS)

checkpoint\_flush\_after configuration parameter, [Checkpoints](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-CHECKPOINTS)

checkpoint\_timeout configuration parameter, [Checkpoints](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-CHECKPOINTS)

checkpoint\_warning configuration parameter, [Checkpoints](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-CHECKPOINTS)

checksums, [Data Checksums](checksums.html)

check\_function\_bodies configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

chr, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

cid, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

cidr, [cidr](datatype-net-types.html#DATATYPE-CIDR)

circle, [Circles](datatype-geometric.html#DATATYPE-CIRCLE), [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

citext, [citext — a case-insensitive character string type](citext.html)

client authentication, [Client Authentication](client-authentication.html)

timeout during, [Authentication](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-AUTHENTICATION)

client\_connection\_check\_interval configuration parameter, [TCP Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-TCP-SETTINGS)

client\_encoding configuration parameter, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

client\_min\_messages configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

clock\_timestamp, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

CLOSE, [CLOSE](sql-close.html)

cluster

of databases (see [database cluster](#ientry-id-1.4.4.3.4.1))

CLUSTER, [CLUSTER](sql-cluster.html)

clusterdb, [clusterdb](app-clusterdb.html)

clustering, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

cluster\_name configuration parameter, [Process Title](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-PROC-TITLE)

cmax, [System Columns](ddl-system-columns.html)

cmin, [System Columns](ddl-system-columns.html)

COALESCE, [COALESCE](functions-conditional.html#FUNCTIONS-COALESCE-NVL-IFNULL)

COLLATE, [Collation Expressions](sql-expressions.html#SQL-SYNTAX-COLLATE-EXPRS)

collation, [Collation Support](collation.html)

in PL/pgSQL, [Collation of PL/pgSQL Variables](plpgsql-declarations.html#PLPGSQL-DECLARATION-COLLATION)

in SQL functions, [SQL Functions with Collations](xfunc-sql.html#XFUNC-SQL-COLLATIONS)

COLLATION FOR, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

color, [Color Support](color.html)

column, [Concepts](tutorial-concepts.html), [Table Basics](ddl-basics.html)

adding, [Adding a Column](ddl-alter.html#DDL-ALTER-ADDING-A-COLUMN)

removing, [Removing a Column](ddl-alter.html#DDL-ALTER-REMOVING-A-COLUMN)

renaming, [Renaming a Column](ddl-alter.html#DDL-ALTER-RENAMING-COLUMN)

system column, [System Columns](ddl-system-columns.html)

column data type

changing, [Changing a Column's Data Type](ddl-alter.html#DDL-ALTER-COLUMN-TYPE)

column reference, [Column References](sql-expressions.html#SQL-EXPRESSIONS-COLUMN-REFS)

col\_description, [Comment Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-COMMENT)

comment, [Comments](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-COMMENTS)

about database objects, [Comment Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-COMMENT)

in SQL, [Comments](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-COMMENTS)

COMMENT, [COMMENT](sql-comment.html)

COMMIT, [COMMIT](sql-commit.html)

COMMIT PREPARED, [COMMIT PREPARED](sql-commit-prepared.html)

commit\_delay configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

commit\_siblings configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

commit\_timestamp\_buffers configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

common table expression (see [WITH](#ientry-id-1.5.6.12.2))

comparison, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html), [Subquery Expressions](functions-subquery.html)

composite type, [Row and Array Comparisons](functions-comparisons.html)

operators, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

row constructor, [Row and Array Comparisons](functions-comparisons.html)

subquery result row, [Subquery Expressions](functions-subquery.html)

compiling, [Building libpq Programs](libpq-build.html)

libpq applications, [Building libpq Programs](libpq-build.html)

composite type, [Composite Types](rowtypes.html), [The PostgreSQL Type System](extend-type-system.html)

comparison, [Row and Array Comparisons](functions-comparisons.html)

constant, [Constructing Composite Values](rowtypes.html#ROWTYPES-CONSTRUCTING)

constructor, [Row Constructors](sql-expressions.html#SQL-SYNTAX-ROW-CONSTRUCTORS)

computed field, [Using Composite Types in Queries](rowtypes.html#ROWTYPES-USAGE)

compute\_query\_id configuration parameter, [Statistics Monitoring](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-STATISTICS-MONITOR)

concat, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

concat\_ws, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

concurrency, [Concurrency Control](mvcc.html)

conditional expression, [Conditional Expressions](functions-conditional.html)

configuration

of recovery

general settings, [Recovery](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-RECOVERY)

of a standby server, [Archive Recovery](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-ARCHIVE-RECOVERY)

of the server, [Server Configuration](runtime-config.html)

of the server

functions, [Configuration Settings Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-SET)

configure, [Installation Procedure](install-make.html#CONFIGURE)

configure environment variables, [configure Environment Variables](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-ENVVARS)

configure options, [configure Options](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTIONS)

config\_file configuration parameter, [File Locations](runtime-config-file-locations.html)

conjunction, [Logical Operators](functions-logical.html)

connectby, [Functions Provided](tablefunc.html#TABLEFUNC-FUNCTIONS-SECT), [connectby](tablefunc.html#TABLEFUNC-FUNCTIONS-CONNECTBY)

connection service file, [The Connection Service File](libpq-pgservice.html)

conninfo, [Connection Strings](libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNSTRING)

constant, [Constants](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-CONSTANTS)

constraint, [Constraints](ddl-constraints.html)

adding, [Adding a Constraint](ddl-alter.html#DDL-ALTER-ADDING-A-CONSTRAINT)

check, [Check Constraints](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-CHECK-CONSTRAINTS)

exclusion, [Exclusion Constraints](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-EXCLUSION)

foreign key, [Foreign Keys](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-FK)

name, [Check Constraints](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-CHECK-CONSTRAINTS)

NOT NULL, [Not-Null Constraints](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-NOT-NULL)

primary key, [Primary Keys](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-PRIMARY-KEYS)

removing, [Removing a Constraint](ddl-alter.html#DDL-ALTER-REMOVING-A-CONSTRAINT)

unique, [Unique Constraints](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-UNIQUE-CONSTRAINTS)

constraint exclusion, [Partitioning and Constraint Exclusion](ddl-partitioning.html#DDL-PARTITIONING-CONSTRAINT-EXCLUSION), [Other Planner Options](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-OTHER)

constraint\_exclusion configuration parameter, [Other Planner Options](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-OTHER)

container type, [The PostgreSQL Type System](extend-type-system.html)

CONTINUE

in PL/pgSQL, [CONTINUE](plpgsql-control-structures.html#PLPGSQL-CONTROL-STRUCTURES-LOOPS-CONTINUE)

continuous archiving, [Backup and Restore](backup.html)

in standby, [Continuous Archiving in Standby](warm-standby.html#CONTINUOUS-ARCHIVING-IN-STANDBY)

control file, [Extension Files](extend-extensions.html#EXTEND-EXTENSIONS-FILES)

convert, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

convert\_from, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

convert\_to, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

COPY, [Populating a Table With Rows](tutorial-populate.html), [Functions Associated with the COPY Command](libpq-copy.html), [COPY](sql-copy.html)

with libpq, [Functions Associated with the COPY Command](libpq-copy.html)

corr, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

correlation, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

in the query planner, [Extended Statistics](planner-stats.html#PLANNER-STATS-EXTENDED)

cos, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

cosd, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

cosh, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

cot, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

cotd, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

count, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

covariance

population, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

sample, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

covar\_pop, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

covar\_samp, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

covering index, [Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes](indexes-index-only-scans.html)

cpu\_index\_tuple\_cost configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

cpu\_operator\_cost configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

cpu\_tuple\_cost configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

crc32, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

crc32c, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

CREATE ACCESS METHOD, [CREATE ACCESS METHOD](sql-create-access-method.html)

CREATE AGGREGATE, [CREATE AGGREGATE](sql-createaggregate.html)

CREATE CAST, [CREATE CAST](sql-createcast.html)

CREATE COLLATION, [CREATE COLLATION](sql-createcollation.html)

CREATE CONVERSION, [CREATE CONVERSION](sql-createconversion.html)

CREATE DATABASE, [Creating a Database](manage-ag-createdb.html), [CREATE DATABASE](sql-createdatabase.html)

CREATE DOMAIN, [CREATE DOMAIN](sql-createdomain.html)

CREATE EVENT TRIGGER, [CREATE EVENT TRIGGER](sql-createeventtrigger.html)

CREATE EXTENSION, [CREATE EXTENSION](sql-createextension.html)

CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER, [CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER](sql-createforeigndatawrapper.html)

CREATE FOREIGN TABLE, [CREATE FOREIGN TABLE](sql-createforeigntable.html)

CREATE FUNCTION, [CREATE FUNCTION](sql-createfunction.html)

CREATE GROUP, [CREATE GROUP](sql-creategroup.html)

CREATE INDEX, [CREATE INDEX](sql-createindex.html)

CREATE LANGUAGE, [CREATE LANGUAGE](sql-createlanguage.html)

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW, [CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW](sql-creatematerializedview.html)

CREATE OPERATOR, [CREATE OPERATOR](sql-createoperator.html)

CREATE OPERATOR CLASS, [CREATE OPERATOR CLASS](sql-createopclass.html)

CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY, [CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY](sql-createopfamily.html)

CREATE POLICY, [CREATE POLICY](sql-createpolicy.html)

CREATE PROCEDURE, [CREATE PROCEDURE](sql-createprocedure.html)

CREATE PUBLICATION, [CREATE PUBLICATION](sql-createpublication.html)

CREATE ROLE, [Database Roles](database-roles.html), [CREATE ROLE](sql-createrole.html)

CREATE RULE, [CREATE RULE](sql-createrule.html)

CREATE SCHEMA, [CREATE SCHEMA](sql-createschema.html)

CREATE SEQUENCE, [CREATE SEQUENCE](sql-createsequence.html)

CREATE SERVER, [CREATE SERVER](sql-createserver.html)

CREATE STATISTICS, [CREATE STATISTICS](sql-createstatistics.html)

CREATE SUBSCRIPTION, [CREATE SUBSCRIPTION](sql-createsubscription.html)

CREATE TABLE, [Creating a New Table](tutorial-table.html), [CREATE TABLE](sql-createtable.html)

CREATE TABLE AS, [CREATE TABLE AS](sql-createtableas.html)

CREATE TABLESPACE, [Tablespaces](manage-ag-tablespaces.html), [CREATE TABLESPACE](sql-createtablespace.html)

CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION, [CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION](sql-createtsconfig.html)

CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY, [CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY](sql-createtsdictionary.html)

CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER, [CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER](sql-createtsparser.html)

CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE, [CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE](sql-createtstemplate.html)

CREATE TRANSFORM, [CREATE TRANSFORM](sql-createtransform.html)

CREATE TRIGGER, [CREATE TRIGGER](sql-createtrigger.html)

CREATE TYPE, [CREATE TYPE](sql-createtype.html)

CREATE USER, [CREATE USER](sql-createuser.html)

CREATE USER MAPPING, [CREATE USER MAPPING](sql-createusermapping.html)

CREATE VIEW, [CREATE VIEW](sql-createview.html)

createdb, [Creating a Database](tutorial-createdb.html), [Creating a Database](manage-ag-createdb.html), [createdb](app-createdb.html)

createrole\_self\_grant

configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

createrole\_self\_grant configuration parameter

use in securing functions, [Writing SECURITY DEFINER Functions Safely](sql-createfunction.html#SQL-CREATEFUNCTION-SECURITY)

createuser, [Database Roles](database-roles.html), [createuser](app-createuser.html)

CREATE\_REPLICATION\_SLOT, [Streaming Replication Protocol](protocol-replication.html)

cross compilation, [Build Process Details](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTIONS-BUILD-PROCESS), [Build Process Details](install-meson.html#MESON-OPTIONS-BUILD-PROCESS)

cross join, [Joined Tables](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-JOIN)

crosstab, [crosstab(text)](tablefunc.html#TABLEFUNC-FUNCTIONS-CROSSTAB-TEXT), [crosstabN(text)](tablefunc.html#TABLEFUNC-FUNCTIONS-CROSSTAB-N-TEXT), [crosstab(text, text)](tablefunc.html#TABLEFUNC-FUNCTIONS-CROSSTAB-TEXT-2)

crypt, [crypt()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PASSWORD-HASHING-FUNCS-CRYPT)

cstring, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

CSV (Comma-Separated Values) format

in psql, [Meta-Commands](app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-META-COMMANDS)

ctid, [System Columns](ddl-system-columns.html)

CTID, [View Rules in Non-SELECT Statements](rules-views.html#RULES-VIEWS-NON-SELECT)

CUBE, [GROUPING SETS, CUBE, and ROLLUP](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-GROUPING-SETS)

cube (extension), [cube — a multi-dimensional cube data type](cube.html)

cume\_dist, [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

hypothetical, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

current\_catalog, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

current\_database, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

current\_date, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

current\_logfiles

and the log\_destination configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

and the pg\_current\_logfile function, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

current\_query, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

current\_role, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

current\_schema, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

current\_schemas, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

current\_setting, [Configuration Settings Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-SET)

current\_time, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

current\_timestamp, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

current\_user, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

currval, [Sequence Manipulation Functions](functions-sequence.html)

cursor, [Cursors](plpgsql-cursors.html), [CLOSE](sql-close.html), [DECLARE](sql-declare.html), [EXPLAIN](sql-explain.html), [FETCH](sql-fetch.html), [MOVE](sql-move.html)

CLOSE, [CLOSE](sql-close.html)

DECLARE, [DECLARE](sql-declare.html)

FETCH, [FETCH](sql-fetch.html)

in PL/pgSQL, [Cursors](plpgsql-cursors.html)

MOVE, [MOVE](sql-move.html)

showing the query plan, [EXPLAIN](sql-explain.html)

cursor\_tuple\_fraction configuration parameter, [Other Planner Options](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-OTHER)

custom scan provider, [Writing a Custom Scan Provider](custom-scan.html)

handler for, [Writing a Custom Scan Provider](custom-scan.html)

Cygwin, [Cygwin](installation-platform-notes.html#INSTALLATION-NOTES-CYGWIN)

installation on, [Cygwin](installation-platform-notes.html#INSTALLATION-NOTES-CYGWIN)

### D

daitch\_mokotoff, [Daitch-Mokotoff Soundex](fuzzystrmatch.html#FUZZYSTRMATCH-DAITCH-MOKOTOFF)

data area (see [database cluster](#ientry-id-1.4.4.3.4.1))

data partitioning, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

data type, [Data Types](datatype.html), [Numeric Types](datatype-numeric.html), [Enumerated Types](datatype-enum.html), [Domain Types](domains.html), [Type Conversion](typeconv.html), [The PostgreSQL Type System](extend-type-system.html), [The PostgreSQL Type System](extend-type-system.html), [The PostgreSQL Type System](extend-type-system.html), [Polymorphic Types](extend-type-system.html#EXTEND-TYPES-POLYMORPHIC), [Base Types in C-Language Functions](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-BASETYPE), [User-Defined Types](xtypes.html)

base, [The PostgreSQL Type System](extend-type-system.html)

category, [Overview](typeconv-overview.html)

composite, [The PostgreSQL Type System](extend-type-system.html)

constant, [Constants of Other Types](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-CONSTANTS-GENERIC)

container, [The PostgreSQL Type System](extend-type-system.html)

conversion, [Type Conversion](typeconv.html)

domain, [Domain Types](domains.html)

enumerated (enum), [Enumerated Types](datatype-enum.html)

internal organization, [Base Types in C-Language Functions](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-BASETYPE)

numeric, [Numeric Types](datatype-numeric.html)

polymorphic, [Polymorphic Types](extend-type-system.html#EXTEND-TYPES-POLYMORPHIC)

type cast, [Type Casts](sql-expressions.html#SQL-SYNTAX-TYPE-CASTS)

user-defined, [User-Defined Types](xtypes.html)

database, [Creating a Database](tutorial-createdb.html), [Managing Databases](managing-databases.html)

creating, [Creating a Database](tutorial-createdb.html)

privilege to create, [Role Attributes](role-attributes.html)

database activity, [Monitoring Database Activity](monitoring.html)

monitoring, [Monitoring Database Activity](monitoring.html)

database cluster, [Concepts](tutorial-concepts.html), [Creating a Database Cluster](creating-cluster.html)

data\_checksums configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

data\_directory configuration parameter, [File Locations](runtime-config-file-locations.html)

data\_directory\_mode configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

data\_sync\_retry configuration parameter, [Error Handling](runtime-config-error-handling.html)

date, [Date/Time Types](datatype-datetime.html), [Dates](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-DATETIME-INPUT-DATES)

constants, [Special Values](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-DATETIME-SPECIAL-VALUES)

current, [Current Date/Time](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-CURRENT)

output format, [Date/Time Output](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-DATETIME-OUTPUT)

(see also [formatting](#ientry-id-1.5.8.14.2))

DateStyle configuration parameter, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

date\_add, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

date\_bin, [date\_bin](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-BIN)

date\_part, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html), [EXTRACT, date\_part](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-EXTRACT)

date\_subtract, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

date\_trunc, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html), [date\_trunc](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-TRUNC)

dblink, [dblink — connect to other PostgreSQL databases](dblink.html), [dblink](contrib-dblink-function.html)

dblink\_build\_sql\_delete, [dblink\_build\_sql\_delete](contrib-dblink-build-sql-delete.html)

dblink\_build\_sql\_insert, [dblink\_build\_sql\_insert](contrib-dblink-build-sql-insert.html)

dblink\_build\_sql\_update, [dblink\_build\_sql\_update](contrib-dblink-build-sql-update.html)

dblink\_cancel\_query, [dblink\_cancel\_query](contrib-dblink-cancel-query.html)

dblink\_close, [dblink\_close](contrib-dblink-close.html)

dblink\_connect, [dblink\_connect](contrib-dblink-connect.html)

dblink\_connect\_u, [dblink\_connect\_u](contrib-dblink-connect-u.html)

dblink\_disconnect, [dblink\_disconnect](contrib-dblink-disconnect.html)

dblink\_error\_message, [dblink\_error\_message](contrib-dblink-error-message.html)

dblink\_exec, [dblink\_exec](contrib-dblink-exec.html)

dblink\_fetch, [dblink\_fetch](contrib-dblink-fetch.html)

dblink\_get\_connections, [dblink\_get\_connections](contrib-dblink-get-connections.html)

dblink\_get\_notify, [dblink\_get\_notify](contrib-dblink-get-notify.html)

dblink\_get\_pkey, [dblink\_get\_pkey](contrib-dblink-get-pkey.html)

dblink\_get\_result, [dblink\_get\_result](contrib-dblink-get-result.html)

dblink\_is\_busy, [dblink\_is\_busy](contrib-dblink-is-busy.html)

dblink\_open, [dblink\_open](contrib-dblink-open.html)

dblink\_send\_query, [dblink\_send\_query](contrib-dblink-send-query.html)

deadlock, [Deadlocks](explicit-locking.html#LOCKING-DEADLOCKS)

timeout during, [Lock Management](runtime-config-locks.html)

deadlock\_timeout configuration parameter, [Lock Management](runtime-config-locks.html)

DEALLOCATE, [DEALLOCATE](sql-deallocate.html)

dearmor, [armor(), dearmor()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PGP-ENC-FUNCS-ARMOR)

debug\_assertions configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

debug\_copy\_parse\_plan\_trees configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

debug\_deadlocks configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

debug\_discard\_caches configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

debug\_io\_direct configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

debug\_logical\_replication\_streaming configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

debug\_parallel\_query configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

debug\_pretty\_print configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

debug\_print\_parse configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

debug\_print\_plan configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

debug\_print\_rewritten configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

debug\_raw\_expression\_coverage\_test configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

debug\_write\_read\_parse\_plan\_trees configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

decimal (see [numeric](#ientry-id-1.5.3.5.9.9.8.3))

DECLARE, [DECLARE](sql-declare.html)

decode, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

decode\_bytea

in PL/Perl, [Utility Functions in PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-UTILITY-FUNCTIONS)

decrypt, [Raw Encryption Functions](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-RAW-ENC-FUNCS)

decrypt\_iv, [Raw Encryption Functions](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-RAW-ENC-FUNCS)

deduplicate\_items storage parameter, [Index Storage Parameters](sql-createindex.html#SQL-CREATEINDEX-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

default value, [Default Values](ddl-default.html)

changing, [Changing a Column's Default Value](ddl-alter.html#DDL-ALTER-COLUMN-DEFAULT)

default-roles, [Default Roles Renamed to Predefined Roles](default-roles.html)

default\_statistics\_target configuration parameter, [Other Planner Options](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-OTHER)

default\_tablespace configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

default\_table\_access\_method configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

default\_text\_search\_config configuration parameter, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

default\_toast\_compression configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

default\_transaction\_deferrable configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

default\_transaction\_isolation configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

default\_transaction\_read\_only configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

deferrable transaction, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

setting, [SET TRANSACTION](sql-set-transaction.html)

setting default, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

defined, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

degrees, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

delay, [Delaying Execution](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-DELAY)

DELETE, [Deletions](tutorial-delete.html), [Deleting Data](dml-delete.html), [Returning Data from Modified Rows](dml-returning.html), [DELETE](sql-delete.html)

RETURNING, [Returning Data from Modified Rows](dml-returning.html)

delete, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

deleting, [Deleting Data](dml-delete.html)

dense\_rank, [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

hypothetical, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

diagonal, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

diameter, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

dict\_int, [dict\_int — example full-text search dictionary for integers](dict-int.html)

dict\_xsyn, [dict\_xsyn — example synonym full-text search dictionary](dict-xsyn.html)

difference, [Soundex](fuzzystrmatch.html#FUZZYSTRMATCH-SOUNDEX)

digest, [digest()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-GENERAL-HASHING-FUNCS-DIGEST)

dirty read, [Transaction Isolation](transaction-iso.html)

DISCARD, [DISCARD](sql-discard.html)

disjunction, [Logical Operators](functions-logical.html)

disk drive, [WAL Internals](wal-internals.html)

disk space, [Recovering Disk Space](routine-vacuuming.html#VACUUM-FOR-SPACE-RECOVERY)

disk usage, [Determining Disk Usage](diskusage.html#DISK-USAGE)

DISTINCT, [Querying a Table](tutorial-select.html), [GROUPING SETS, CUBE, and ROLLUP](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-GROUPING-SETS), [DISTINCT](queries-select-lists.html#QUERIES-DISTINCT)

GROUP BY DISTINCT, [GROUPING SETS, CUBE, and ROLLUP](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-GROUPING-SETS)

SELECT DISTINCT, [DISTINCT](queries-select-lists.html#QUERIES-DISTINCT)

div, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

dmetaphone, [Double Metaphone](fuzzystrmatch.html#FUZZYSTRMATCH-DOUBLE-METAPHONE)

dmetaphone\_alt, [Double Metaphone](fuzzystrmatch.html#FUZZYSTRMATCH-DOUBLE-METAPHONE)

DO, [DO](sql-do.html)

document, [What Is a Document?](textsearch-intro.html#TEXTSEARCH-DOCUMENT)

text search, [What Is a Document?](textsearch-intro.html#TEXTSEARCH-DOCUMENT)

dollar quoting, [Dollar-Quoted String Constants](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-DOLLAR-QUOTING)

domain, [Domain Types](domains.html)

double precision, [Floating-Point Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-FLOAT)

DROP ACCESS METHOD, [DROP ACCESS METHOD](sql-drop-access-method.html)

DROP AGGREGATE, [DROP AGGREGATE](sql-dropaggregate.html)

DROP CAST, [DROP CAST](sql-dropcast.html)

DROP COLLATION, [DROP COLLATION](sql-dropcollation.html)

DROP CONVERSION, [DROP CONVERSION](sql-dropconversion.html)

DROP DATABASE, [Destroying a Database](manage-ag-dropdb.html), [DROP DATABASE](sql-dropdatabase.html)

DROP DOMAIN, [DROP DOMAIN](sql-dropdomain.html)

DROP EVENT TRIGGER, [DROP EVENT TRIGGER](sql-dropeventtrigger.html)

DROP EXTENSION, [DROP EXTENSION](sql-dropextension.html)

DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER, [DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER](sql-dropforeigndatawrapper.html)

DROP FOREIGN TABLE, [DROP FOREIGN TABLE](sql-dropforeigntable.html)

DROP FUNCTION, [DROP FUNCTION](sql-dropfunction.html)

DROP GROUP, [DROP GROUP](sql-dropgroup.html)

DROP INDEX, [DROP INDEX](sql-dropindex.html)

DROP LANGUAGE, [DROP LANGUAGE](sql-droplanguage.html)

DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW, [DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW](sql-dropmaterializedview.html)

DROP OPERATOR, [DROP OPERATOR](sql-dropoperator.html)

DROP OPERATOR CLASS, [DROP OPERATOR CLASS](sql-dropopclass.html)

DROP OPERATOR FAMILY, [DROP OPERATOR FAMILY](sql-dropopfamily.html)

DROP OWNED, [DROP OWNED](sql-drop-owned.html)

DROP POLICY, [DROP POLICY](sql-droppolicy.html)

DROP PROCEDURE, [DROP PROCEDURE](sql-dropprocedure.html)

DROP PUBLICATION, [DROP PUBLICATION](sql-droppublication.html)

DROP ROLE, [Database Roles](database-roles.html), [DROP ROLE](sql-droprole.html)

DROP ROUTINE, [DROP ROUTINE](sql-droproutine.html)

DROP RULE, [DROP RULE](sql-droprule.html)

DROP SCHEMA, [DROP SCHEMA](sql-dropschema.html)

DROP SEQUENCE, [DROP SEQUENCE](sql-dropsequence.html)

DROP SERVER, [DROP SERVER](sql-dropserver.html)

DROP STATISTICS, [DROP STATISTICS](sql-dropstatistics.html)

DROP SUBSCRIPTION, [DROP SUBSCRIPTION](sql-dropsubscription.html)

DROP TABLE, [Creating a New Table](tutorial-table.html), [DROP TABLE](sql-droptable.html)

DROP TABLESPACE, [DROP TABLESPACE](sql-droptablespace.html)

DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION, [DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION](sql-droptsconfig.html)

DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY, [DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY](sql-droptsdictionary.html)

DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER, [DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER](sql-droptsparser.html)

DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE, [DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE](sql-droptstemplate.html)

DROP TRANSFORM, [DROP TRANSFORM](sql-droptransform.html)

DROP TRIGGER, [DROP TRIGGER](sql-droptrigger.html)

DROP TYPE, [DROP TYPE](sql-droptype.html)

DROP USER, [DROP USER](sql-dropuser.html)

DROP USER MAPPING, [DROP USER MAPPING](sql-dropusermapping.html)

DROP VIEW, [DROP VIEW](sql-dropview.html)

dropdb, [Destroying a Database](manage-ag-dropdb.html), [dropdb](app-dropdb.html)

dropuser, [Database Roles](database-roles.html), [dropuser](app-dropuser.html)

DROP\_REPLICATION\_SLOT, [Streaming Replication Protocol](protocol-replication.html)

DTD, [Creating XML Values](datatype-xml.html#DATATYPE-XML-CREATING)

DTrace, [Developer Options](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTIONS-DEVEL), [Developer Options](install-meson.html#MESON-OPTIONS-DEVEL), [Dynamic Tracing](dynamic-trace.html)

duplicate, [Querying a Table](tutorial-select.html)

duplicates, [DISTINCT](queries-select-lists.html#QUERIES-DISTINCT)

dynamic loading, [Other Defaults](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-OTHER), [Dynamic Loading](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-DYNLOAD)

dynamic\_library\_path, [Dynamic Loading](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-DYNLOAD)

dynamic\_library\_path configuration parameter, [Other Defaults](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-OTHER)

dynamic\_shared\_memory\_type configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

### E

each, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

earth, [Cube-Based Earth Distances](earthdistance.html#EARTHDISTANCE-CUBE-BASED)

earthdistance, [earthdistance — calculate great-circle distances](earthdistance.html)

earth\_box, [Cube-Based Earth Distances](earthdistance.html#EARTHDISTANCE-CUBE-BASED)

earth\_distance, [Cube-Based Earth Distances](earthdistance.html#EARTHDISTANCE-CUBE-BASED)

ECPG, [ECPG — Embedded SQL in C](ecpg.html)

ecpg, [ecpg](app-ecpg.html)

effective\_cache\_size configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

effective\_io\_concurrency configuration parameter, [I/O](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-IO)

elog, [Reporting Errors Within the Server](error-message-reporting.html)

in PL/Perl, [Utility Functions in PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-UTILITY-FUNCTIONS)

in PL/Python, [Utility Functions](plpython-util.html)

in PL/Tcl, [Database Access from PL/Tcl](pltcl-dbaccess.html)

embedded SQL, [ECPG — Embedded SQL in C](ecpg.html)

in C, [ECPG — Embedded SQL in C](ecpg.html)

enabled role, [enabled\_roles](infoschema-enabled-roles.html)

enable\_async\_append configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_bitmapscan configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_distinct\_reordering configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_gathermerge configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_group\_by\_reordering configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_hashagg configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_hashjoin configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_incremental\_sort configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_indexonlyscan configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_indexscan configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_material configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_memoize configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_mergejoin configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_nestloop configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_parallel\_append configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_parallel\_hash configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_partitionwise\_aggregate configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_partitionwise\_join configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_partition\_pruning configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_presorted\_aggregate configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_self\_join\_elimination configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_seqscan configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_sort configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

enable\_tidscan configuration parameter, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

encode, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

encode\_array\_constructor

in PL/Perl, [Utility Functions in PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-UTILITY-FUNCTIONS)

encode\_array\_literal

in PL/Perl, [Utility Functions in PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-UTILITY-FUNCTIONS)

encode\_bytea

in PL/Perl, [Utility Functions in PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-UTILITY-FUNCTIONS)

encode\_typed\_literal

in PL/Perl, [Utility Functions in PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-UTILITY-FUNCTIONS)

encrypt, [Raw Encryption Functions](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-RAW-ENC-FUNCS)

encryption, [Encryption Options](encryption-options.html), [pgcrypto — cryptographic functions](pgcrypto.html)

for specific columns, [pgcrypto — cryptographic functions](pgcrypto.html)

encrypt\_iv, [Raw Encryption Functions](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-RAW-ENC-FUNCS)

END, [END](sql-end.html)

enumerated types, [Enumerated Types](datatype-enum.html)

enum\_first, [Enum Support Functions](functions-enum.html)

enum\_last, [Enum Support Functions](functions-enum.html)

enum\_range, [Enum Support Functions](functions-enum.html)

environment variable, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

ephemeral named relation

registering with SPI, [SPI\_register\_relation](spi-spi-register-relation.html), [SPI\_register\_trigger\_data](spi-spi-register-trigger-data.html)

unregistering from SPI, [SPI\_unregister\_relation](spi-spi-unregister-relation.html)

ereport, [Reporting Errors Within the Server](error-message-reporting.html)

erf, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

erfc, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

error codes, [PostgreSQL Error Codes](errcodes-appendix.html)

libpq, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

list of, [PostgreSQL Error Codes](errcodes-appendix.html)

error message

in PGcancelConn, [Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-FUNCTIONS)

in PGconn, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

escape format, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

escape string syntax, [String Constants with C-Style Escapes](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-STRINGS-ESCAPE)

escape\_string\_warning configuration parameter, [Previous PostgreSQL Versions](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-VERSION)

escaping strings, [Escaping Strings for Inclusion in SQL Commands](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-ESCAPE-STRING)

in libpq, [Escaping Strings for Inclusion in SQL Commands](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-ESCAPE-STRING)

event log, [Registering Event Log on Windows](event-log-registration.html)

event log, [Registering Event Log on Windows](event-log-registration.html)

event trigger, [Event Triggers](event-triggers.html), [Writing Event Trigger Functions in C](event-trigger-interface.html)

in C, [Writing Event Trigger Functions in C](event-trigger-interface.html)

in PL/Tcl, [Event Trigger Functions in PL/Tcl](pltcl-event-trigger.html)

event\_source configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

event\_trigger, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

event\_triggers

configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

every, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

EXCEPT, [Combining Queries (UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT)](queries-union.html)

exceptions

in PL/pgSQL, [Trapping Errors](plpgsql-control-structures.html#PLPGSQL-ERROR-TRAPPING)

in PL/Tcl, [Error Handling in PL/Tcl](pltcl-error-handling.html)

exclusion constraint, [Exclusion Constraints](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-EXCLUSION)

EXECUTE, [EXECUTE](sql-execute.html)

exist, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

EXISTS, [Subquery Expressions](functions-subquery.html)

EXIT

in PL/pgSQL, [EXIT](plpgsql-control-structures.html#PLPGSQL-CONTROL-STRUCTURES-LOOPS-EXIT)

exit\_on\_error configuration parameter, [Error Handling](runtime-config-error-handling.html)

exp, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

EXPLAIN, [Using EXPLAIN](using-explain.html), [EXPLAIN](sql-explain.html)

expression, [Value Expressions](sql-expressions.html)

order of evaluation, [Expression Evaluation Rules](sql-expressions.html#SYNTAX-EXPRESS-EVAL)

syntax, [Value Expressions](sql-expressions.html)

extending SQL, [Extending SQL](extend.html)

extension, [Packaging Related Objects into an Extension](extend-extensions.html)

externally maintained, [Extensions](external-extensions.html)

extension\_control\_path configuration parameter, [Other Defaults](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-OTHER)

external\_pid\_file configuration parameter, [File Locations](runtime-config-file-locations.html)

extract, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html), [EXTRACT, date\_part](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-EXTRACT)

extra\_float\_digits configuration parameter, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

### F

factorial, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

failover, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

false, [Boolean Type](datatype-boolean.html)

family, [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

fast path, [The Fast-Path Interface](libpq-fastpath.html)

fastupdate storage parameter, [Index Storage Parameters](sql-createindex.html#SQL-CREATEINDEX-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

fdw\_handler, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

FETCH, [FETCH](sql-fetch.html)

field

computed, [Using Composite Types in Queries](rowtypes.html#ROWTYPES-USAGE)

field selection, [Field Selection](sql-expressions.html#FIELD-SELECTION)

file system mount points, [Use of Secondary File Systems](creating-cluster.html#CREATING-CLUSTER-MOUNT-POINTS)

file\_copy\_method configuration parameter, [Disk](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-DISK)

file\_extend\_method configuration parameter, [Disk](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-DISK)

file\_fdw, [file\_fdw — access data files in the server's file system](file-fdw.html)

fillfactor storage parameter, [Index Storage Parameters](sql-createindex.html#SQL-CREATEINDEX-STORAGE-PARAMETERS), [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

FILTER, [Aggregate Expressions](sql-expressions.html#SYNTAX-AGGREGATES)

fips\_mode, [OpenSSL Support Functions](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-OPENSSL-SUPPORT-FUNCS)

first\_value, [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

flex, [Requirements](install-requirements.html)

float4 (see [real](#ientry-id-1.5.7.9.8.2))

float8 (see [double precision](#ientry-id-1.5.7.9.8.3))

floating point, [Floating-Point Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-FLOAT)

floating-point

display, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

floor, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

foreign data, [Foreign Data](ddl-foreign-data.html)

foreign data wrapper, [Writing a Foreign Data Wrapper](fdwhandler.html)

handler for, [Writing a Foreign Data Wrapper](fdwhandler.html)

foreign key, [Foreign Keys](tutorial-fk.html), [Foreign Keys](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-FK)

self-referential, [Foreign Keys](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-FK)

foreign table, [Foreign Data](ddl-foreign-data.html)

format, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [format](functions-string.html#FUNCTIONS-STRING-FORMAT)

use in PL/pgSQL, [Executing Dynamic Commands](plpgsql-statements.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-EXECUTING-DYN)

formatting, [Data Type Formatting Functions](functions-formatting.html)

format\_type, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

Free Space Map, [Free Space Map](storage-fsm.html)

FreeBSD

IPC configuration, [Shared Memory and Semaphores](kernel-resources.html#SYSVIPC)

shared library, [Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions](xfunc-c.html#DFUNC)

start script, [Starting the Database Server](server-start.html)

from\_collapse\_limit configuration parameter, [Other Planner Options](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-OTHER)

FSM (see [Free Space Map](#ientry-id-1.10.18.5.2))

fsm\_page\_contents, [General Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-GENERAL-FUNCS)

fsync configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

full text search, [Text Search Types](datatype-textsearch.html), [Text Search Types](datatype-textsearch.html), [Full Text Search](textsearch.html)

data types, [Text Search Types](datatype-textsearch.html)

functions and operators, [Text Search Types](datatype-textsearch.html)

full\_page\_writes configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

function, [Table Functions](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-TABLEFUNCTIONS), [Functions and Operators](functions.html), [Statistics Information Functions](functions-statistics.html), [Functions](typeconv-func.html), [Polymorphic Types](extend-type-system.html#EXTEND-TYPES-POLYMORPHIC), [User-Defined Functions](xfunc.html), [Query Language (SQL) Functions](xfunc-sql.html), [Internal Functions](xfunc-internal.html), [C-Language Functions](xfunc-c.html)

default values for arguments, [SQL Functions with Default Values for Arguments](xfunc-sql.html#XFUNC-SQL-PARAMETER-DEFAULTS)

in the FROM clause, [Table Functions](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-TABLEFUNCTIONS)

internal, [Internal Functions](xfunc-internal.html)

invocation, [Function Calls](sql-expressions.html#SQL-EXPRESSIONS-FUNCTION-CALLS)

mixed notation, [Using Mixed Notation](sql-syntax-calling-funcs.html#SQL-SYNTAX-CALLING-FUNCS-MIXED)

named argument, [Arguments for SQL Functions](xfunc-sql.html#XFUNC-SQL-FUNCTION-ARGUMENTS)

named notation, [Using Named Notation](sql-syntax-calling-funcs.html#SQL-SYNTAX-CALLING-FUNCS-NAMED)

output parameter, [SQL Functions with Output Parameters](xfunc-sql.html#XFUNC-OUTPUT-PARAMETERS)

polymorphic, [Polymorphic Types](extend-type-system.html#EXTEND-TYPES-POLYMORPHIC)

positional notation, [Using Positional Notation](sql-syntax-calling-funcs.html#SQL-SYNTAX-CALLING-FUNCS-POSITIONAL)

RETURNS TABLE, [SQL Functions Returning TABLE](xfunc-sql.html#XFUNC-SQL-FUNCTIONS-RETURNING-TABLE)

statistics, [Statistics Information Functions](functions-statistics.html)

type resolution in an invocation, [Functions](typeconv-func.html)

user-defined, [User-Defined Functions](xfunc.html), [Query Language (SQL) Functions](xfunc-sql.html), [C-Language Functions](xfunc-c.html)

in C, [C-Language Functions](xfunc-c.html)

in SQL, [Query Language (SQL) Functions](xfunc-sql.html)

variadic, [SQL Functions with Variable Numbers of Arguments](xfunc-sql.html#XFUNC-SQL-VARIADIC-FUNCTIONS)

with SETOF, [SQL Functions Returning Sets](xfunc-sql.html#XFUNC-SQL-FUNCTIONS-RETURNING-SET)

functional dependency, [The GROUP BY and HAVING Clauses](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-GROUP)

fuzzystrmatch, [fuzzystrmatch — determine string similarities and distance](fuzzystrmatch.html)

### G

gamma, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

gcd, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

gc\_to\_sec, [Cube-Based Earth Distances](earthdistance.html#EARTHDISTANCE-CUBE-BASED)

generated column, [Generated Columns](ddl-generated-columns.html), [Parameters](sql-createforeigntable.html#id-1.9.3.66.6), [Parameters](sql-createtable.html#id-1.9.3.85.6)

in triggers, [Overview of Trigger Behavior](trigger-definition.html)

generate\_series, [Set Returning Functions](functions-srf.html)

generate\_subscripts, [Set Returning Functions](functions-srf.html)

genetic query optimization, [Genetic Query Optimizer](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-GEQO)

gen\_random\_bytes, [Random-Data Functions](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-RANDOM-DATA-FUNCS)

gen\_random\_uuid, [UUID Functions](functions-uuid.html), [Random-Data Functions](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-RANDOM-DATA-FUNCS)

gen\_salt, [gen\_salt()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PASSWORD-HASHING-FUNCS-GEN-SALT)

GEQO (see [genetic query optimization](#ientry-id-1.6.6.10.4.3.1.1.3))

geqo configuration parameter, [Genetic Query Optimizer](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-GEQO)

geqo\_effort configuration parameter, [Genetic Query Optimizer](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-GEQO)

geqo\_generations configuration parameter, [Genetic Query Optimizer](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-GEQO)

geqo\_pool\_size configuration parameter, [Genetic Query Optimizer](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-GEQO)

geqo\_seed configuration parameter, [Genetic Query Optimizer](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-GEQO)

geqo\_selection\_bias configuration parameter, [Genetic Query Optimizer](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-GEQO)

geqo\_threshold configuration parameter, [Genetic Query Optimizer](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-GEQO)

get\_bit, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html), [Bit String Functions and Operators](functions-bitstring.html)

get\_byte, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

get\_current\_ts\_config, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html)

get\_raw\_page, [General Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-GENERAL-FUNCS)

GIN (see [index](#ientry-id-1.5.10.2))

gin\_clean\_pending\_list, [Index Maintenance Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-INDEX)

gin\_fuzzy\_search\_limit configuration parameter, [Other Defaults](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-OTHER)

gin\_index\_check, [Functions](amcheck.html#AMCHECK-FUNCTIONS)

gin\_leafpage\_items, [GIN Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-GIN-FUNCS)

gin\_metapage\_info, [GIN Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-GIN-FUNCS)

gin\_page\_opaque\_info, [GIN Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-GIN-FUNCS)

gin\_pending\_list\_limit

configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

storage parameter, [Index Storage Parameters](sql-createindex.html#SQL-CREATEINDEX-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

GiST (see [index](#ientry-id-1.5.10.2))

gist\_page\_items, [GiST Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-GIST-FUNCS)

gist\_page\_items\_bytea, [GiST Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-GIST-FUNCS)

gist\_page\_opaque\_info, [GiST Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-GIST-FUNCS)

global data, [Global Data in PL/Tcl](pltcl-global.html)

in PL/Python, [Sharing Data](plpython-sharing.html)

in PL/Tcl, [Global Data in PL/Tcl](pltcl-global.html)

GRANT, [Privileges](ddl-priv.html), [GRANT](sql-grant.html)

GREATEST, [GREATEST and LEAST](functions-conditional.html#FUNCTIONS-GREATEST-LEAST), [UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs](typeconv-union-case.html)

determination of result type, [UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs](typeconv-union-case.html)

Gregorian calendar, [History of Units](datetime-units-history.html)

GROUP BY, [Aggregate Functions](tutorial-agg.html), [The GROUP BY and HAVING Clauses](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-GROUP)

grouping, [The GROUP BY and HAVING Clauses](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-GROUP)

GROUPING, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

GROUPING SETS, [GROUPING SETS, CUBE, and ROLLUP](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-GROUPING-SETS)

gssapi, [Secure TCP/IP Connections with GSSAPI Encryption](gssapi-enc.html)

GSSAPI, [GSSAPI Authentication](gssapi-auth.html)

with libpq, [Parameter Key Words](libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PARAMKEYWORDS)

gss\_accept\_delegation configuration parameter, [Authentication](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-AUTHENTICATION)

GUID, [UUID Type](datatype-uuid.html)

### H

hash (see [index](#ientry-id-1.5.10.2))

hash\_bitmap\_info, [Hash Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-HASH-FUNCS)

hash\_mem\_multiplier configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

hash\_metapage\_info, [Hash Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-HASH-FUNCS)

hash\_page\_items, [Hash Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-HASH-FUNCS)

hash\_page\_stats, [Hash Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-HASH-FUNCS)

hash\_page\_type, [Hash Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-HASH-FUNCS)

has\_any\_column\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_column\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_database\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_foreign\_data\_wrapper\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_function\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_language\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_largeobject\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_parameter\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_schema\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_sequence\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_server\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_tablespace\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_table\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

has\_type\_privilege, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

HAVING, [Aggregate Functions](tutorial-agg.html), [The GROUP BY and HAVING Clauses](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-GROUP)

hba\_file configuration parameter, [File Locations](runtime-config-file-locations.html)

heap\_page\_items, [Heap Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-HEAP-FUNCS)

heap\_page\_item\_attrs, [Heap Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-HEAP-FUNCS)

heap\_tuple\_infomask\_flags, [Heap Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-HEAP-FUNCS)

height, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

hex format, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

hierarchical database, [Concepts](tutorial-concepts.html)

high availability, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

history, [A Brief History of PostgreSQL](history.html)

of PostgreSQL, [A Brief History of PostgreSQL](history.html)

hmac, [hmac()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-GENERAL-HASHING-FUNCS-HMAC)

host, [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

host name, [Parameter Key Words](libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PARAMKEYWORDS)

hostmask, [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

hot standby, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

hot\_standby configuration parameter, [Standby Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-STANDBY)

hot\_standby\_feedback configuration parameter, [Standby Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-STANDBY)

hstore, [hstore — hstore key/value datatype](hstore.html), [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

hstore\_to\_array, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

hstore\_to\_json, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

hstore\_to\_jsonb, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

hstore\_to\_jsonb\_loose, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

hstore\_to\_json\_loose, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

hstore\_to\_matrix, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

huge\_pages configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

huge\_pages\_status configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

huge\_page\_size configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

hypothetical-set aggregate

built-in, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

### I

icount, [intarray Functions and Operators](intarray.html#INTARRAY-FUNCS-OPS)

ICU, [Anti-Features](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTIONS-ANTI-FEATURES), [PostgreSQL Features](install-meson.html#MESON-OPTIONS-FEATURES), [Locale Providers](locale.html#LOCALE-PROVIDERS), [Managing Collations](collation.html#COLLATION-MANAGING), [Parameters](sql-createcollation.html#id-1.9.3.59.6), [Parameters](sql-createdatabase.html#id-1.9.3.61.6)

icu\_unicode\_version, [Version Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-VERSION)

icu\_validation\_level configuration parameter, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

ident, [Ident Authentication](auth-ident.html)

identifier, [Identifiers and Key Words](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS)

length, [Identifiers and Key Words](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS)

syntax of, [Identifiers and Key Words](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS)

IDENTIFY\_SYSTEM, [Streaming Replication Protocol](protocol-replication.html)

identity column, [Identity Columns](ddl-identity-columns.html)

ident\_file configuration parameter, [File Locations](runtime-config-file-locations.html)

idle\_in\_transaction\_session\_timeout configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

idle\_replication\_slot\_timeout configuration parameter, [Sending Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-SENDER)

idle\_session\_timeout configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

idx, [intarray Functions and Operators](intarray.html#INTARRAY-FUNCS-OPS)

IFNULL, [COALESCE](functions-conditional.html#FUNCTIONS-COALESCE-NVL-IFNULL)

ignore\_checksum\_failure configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

ignore\_invalid\_pages configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

ignore\_system\_indexes configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

IMMUTABLE, [Function Volatility Categories](xfunc-volatility.html)

IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA, [IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA](sql-importforeignschema.html)

IN, [Subquery Expressions](functions-subquery.html), [Row and Array Comparisons](functions-comparisons.html)

INCLUDE

in index definitions, [Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes](indexes-index-only-scans.html)

include

in configuration file, [Managing Configuration File Contents](config-setting.html#CONFIG-INCLUDES)

include\_dir

in configuration file, [Managing Configuration File Contents](config-setting.html#CONFIG-INCLUDES)

include\_if\_exists

in configuration file, [Managing Configuration File Contents](config-setting.html#CONFIG-INCLUDES)

index, [Indexes](indexes.html), [Multicolumn Indexes](indexes-multicolumn.html), [Indexes and ORDER BY](indexes-ordering.html), [Combining Multiple Indexes](indexes-bitmap-scans.html), [Unique Indexes](indexes-unique.html), [Indexes on Expressions](indexes-expressional.html), [Partial Indexes](indexes-partial.html), [Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes](indexes-index-only-scans.html), [Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes](indexes-index-only-scans.html), [Examining Index Usage](indexes-examine.html), [Preferred Index Types for Text Search](textsearch-indexes.html), [Preferred Index Types for Text Search](textsearch-indexes.html), [Locking and Indexes](locking-indexes.html), [Interfacing Extensions to Indexes](xindex.html), [Building Indexes Concurrently](sql-createindex.html#SQL-CREATEINDEX-CONCURRENTLY), [Rebuilding Indexes Concurrently](sql-reindex.html#SQL-REINDEX-CONCURRENTLY), [Operators and Functions](ltree.html#LTREE-OPS-FUNCS)

and ORDER BY, [Indexes and ORDER BY](indexes-ordering.html)

B-Tree, [B-Tree](indexes-types.html#INDEXES-TYPES-BTREE), [B-Tree Indexes](btree.html)

BRIN, [BRIN](indexes-types.html#INDEXES-TYPES-BRIN), [BRIN Indexes](brin.html)

building concurrently, [Building Indexes Concurrently](sql-createindex.html#SQL-CREATEINDEX-CONCURRENTLY)

combining multiple indexes, [Combining Multiple Indexes](indexes-bitmap-scans.html)

covering, [Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes](indexes-index-only-scans.html)

examining usage, [Examining Index Usage](indexes-examine.html)

on expressions, [Indexes on Expressions](indexes-expressional.html)

for user-defined data type, [Interfacing Extensions to Indexes](xindex.html)

GIN, [GIN](indexes-types.html#INDEXES-TYPES-GIN), [Preferred Index Types for Text Search](textsearch-indexes.html), [GIN Indexes](gin.html)

text search, [Preferred Index Types for Text Search](textsearch-indexes.html)

GiST, [GiST](indexes-types.html#INDEXES-TYPE-GIST), [Preferred Index Types for Text Search](textsearch-indexes.html), [GiST Indexes](gist.html)

text search, [Preferred Index Types for Text Search](textsearch-indexes.html)

hash, [Hash](indexes-types.html#INDEXES-TYPES-HASH)

Hash, [Hash Indexes](hash-index.html)

index-only scans, [Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes](indexes-index-only-scans.html)

locks, [Locking and Indexes](locking-indexes.html)

multicolumn, [Multicolumn Indexes](indexes-multicolumn.html)

partial, [Partial Indexes](indexes-partial.html)

rebuilding concurrently, [Rebuilding Indexes Concurrently](sql-reindex.html#SQL-REINDEX-CONCURRENTLY)

SP-GiST, [SP-GiST](indexes-types.html#INDEXES-TYPE-SPGIST), [SP-GiST Indexes](spgist.html)

unique, [Unique Indexes](indexes-unique.html)

Index Access Method, [Index Access Method Interface Definition](indexam.html)

index scan, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

index-only scan, [Index-Only Scans and Covering Indexes](indexes-index-only-scans.html)

indexam

Index Access Method, [Index Access Method Interface Definition](indexam.html)

index\_am\_handler, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

inet (data type), [inet](datatype-net-types.html#DATATYPE-INET)

inet\_client\_addr, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

inet\_client\_port, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

inet\_merge, [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

inet\_same\_family, [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

inet\_server\_addr, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

inet\_server\_port, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

infinity

floating point, [Floating-Point Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-FLOAT)

numeric (data type), [Arbitrary Precision Numbers](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-NUMERIC-DECIMAL)

information schema, [The Information Schema](information-schema.html)

inheritance, [Inheritance](tutorial-inheritance.html), [Inheritance](ddl-inherit.html)

initcap, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

initdb, [Creating a Database Cluster](creating-cluster.html), [initdb](app-initdb.html)

Initialization Fork, [The Initialization Fork](storage-init.html)

initplan, [EXPLAIN Basics](using-explain.html#USING-EXPLAIN-BASICS)

input function, [User-Defined Types](xtypes.html)

INSERT, [Populating a Table With Rows](tutorial-populate.html), [Inserting Data](dml-insert.html), [Returning Data from Modified Rows](dml-returning.html), [INSERT](sql-insert.html)

RETURNING, [Returning Data from Modified Rows](dml-returning.html)

inserting, [Inserting Data](dml-insert.html)

installation, [Installation from Source Code](installation.html)

binaries, [Installation from Binaries](install-binaries.html)

instr function, [Appendix](plpgsql-porting.html#PLPGSQL-PORTING-APPENDIX)

int2 (see [smallint](#ientry-id-1.5.7.9.6.3))

int4 (see [integer](#ientry-id-1.5.3.5.9.9.8.1))

int8 (see [bigint](#ientry-id-1.5.3.5.9.9.8.2))

intagg, [intagg — integer aggregator and enumerator](intagg.html)

intarray, [intarray — manipulate arrays of integers](intarray.html)

integer, [Numeric Constants](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-CONSTANTS-NUMERIC), [Integer Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-INT)

integer\_datetimes configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

interfaces

externally maintained, [Client Interfaces](external-interfaces.html)

internal, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

INTERSECT, [Combining Queries (UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT)](queries-union.html)

interval, [Date/Time Types](datatype-datetime.html), [Interval Input](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-INTERVAL-INPUT)

output format, [Interval Output](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-INTERVAL-OUTPUT)

(see also [formatting](#ientry-id-1.5.8.14.2))

IntervalStyle configuration parameter, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

intset, [intarray Functions and Operators](intarray.html#INTARRAY-FUNCS-OPS)

int\_array\_aggregate, [Functions](intagg.html#INTAGG-FUNCTIONS)

int\_array\_enum, [Functions](intagg.html#INTAGG-FUNCTIONS)

inverse distribution, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

in\_hot\_standby configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

in\_range support functions, [B-Tree Support Functions](btree.html#BTREE-SUPPORT-FUNCS)

io\_combine\_limit configuration parameter, [I/O](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-IO)

io\_max\_combine\_limit configuration parameter, [I/O](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-IO)

io\_max\_concurrency configuration parameter, [I/O](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-IO)

io\_method configuration parameter, [I/O](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-IO)

io\_workers configuration parameter, [I/O](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-IO)

IS DISTINCT FROM, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html), [Row and Array Comparisons](functions-comparisons.html)

IS DOCUMENT, [IS DOCUMENT](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-PRODUCING-XML-IS-DOCUMENT)

IS FALSE, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

IS JSON, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

IS NOT DISTINCT FROM, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html), [Row and Array Comparisons](functions-comparisons.html)

IS NOT DOCUMENT, [IS NOT DOCUMENT](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-PRODUCING-XML-IS-NOT-DOCUMENT)

IS NOT FALSE, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

IS NOT NULL, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

IS NOT TRUE, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

IS NOT UNKNOWN, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

IS NULL, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html), [Platform and Client Compatibility](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-CLIENTS)

IS TRUE, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

IS UNKNOWN, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

isclosed, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

isempty, [Range/Multirange Functions and Operators](functions-range.html)

isfinite, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

isn, [isn — data types for international standard numbers (ISBN, EAN, UPC, etc.)](isn.html)

isn.weak configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](isn.html#ISN-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

ISNULL, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

isn\_weak, [Functions and Operators](isn.html#ISN-FUNCS-OPS)

isopen, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

is\_array\_ref

in PL/Perl, [Utility Functions in PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-UTILITY-FUNCTIONS)

is\_valid, [Functions and Operators](isn.html#ISN-FUNCS-OPS)

### J

JIT, [Just-in-Time Compilation (JIT)](jit.html)

jit configuration parameter, [Other Planner Options](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-OTHER)

jit\_above\_cost configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

jit\_debugging\_support configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

jit\_dump\_bitcode configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

jit\_expressions configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

jit\_inline\_above\_cost configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

jit\_optimize\_above\_cost configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

jit\_profiling\_support configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

jit\_provider configuration parameter, [Shared Library Preloading](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-PRELOAD)

jit\_tuple\_deforming configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

join, [Joins Between Tables](tutorial-join.html), [Joined Tables](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-JOIN), [Controlling the Planner with Explicit JOIN Clauses](explicit-joins.html)

controlling the order, [Controlling the Planner with Explicit JOIN Clauses](explicit-joins.html)

cross, [Joined Tables](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-JOIN)

left, [Joined Tables](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-JOIN)

natural, [Joined Tables](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-JOIN)

outer, [Joins Between Tables](tutorial-join.html), [Joined Tables](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-JOIN)

right, [Joined Tables](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-JOIN)

self, [Joins Between Tables](tutorial-join.html)

join\_collapse\_limit configuration parameter, [Other Planner Options](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-OTHER)

JSON, [JSON Types](datatype-json.html), [JSON Functions and Operators](functions-json.html)

functions and operators, [JSON Functions and Operators](functions-json.html)

json constructor, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

JSONB, [JSON Types](datatype-json.html)

jsonb

containment, [jsonb Containment and Existence](datatype-json.html#JSON-CONTAINMENT)

existence, [jsonb Containment and Existence](datatype-json.html#JSON-CONTAINMENT)

indexes on, [jsonb Indexing](datatype-json.html#JSON-INDEXING)

jsonb\_agg, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

jsonb\_agg\_strict, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

jsonb\_array\_elements, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_array\_elements\_text, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_array\_length, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_build\_array, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_build\_object, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_each, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_each\_text, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_extract\_path, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_extract\_path\_text, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_insert, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_object, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_object\_agg, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

jsonb\_object\_agg\_strict, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

jsonb\_object\_agg\_unique, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

jsonb\_object\_agg\_unique\_strict, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

jsonb\_object\_keys, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_path\_exists, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_path\_exists\_tz, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_path\_match, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_path\_match\_tz, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_path\_query, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_path\_query\_array, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_path\_query\_array\_tz, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_path\_query\_first, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_path\_query\_first\_tz, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_path\_query\_tz, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_populate\_record, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_populate\_recordset, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_populate\_record\_valid, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_pretty, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_set, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_set\_lax, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_strip\_nulls, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_to\_record, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_to\_recordset, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonb\_to\_tsvector, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html)

jsonb\_typeof, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

jsonpath, [jsonpath Type](datatype-json.html#DATATYPE-JSONPATH)

json\_agg, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

json\_agg\_strict, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

json\_array, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_arrayagg, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

json\_array\_elements, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_array\_elements\_text, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_array\_length, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_build\_array, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_build\_object, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_each, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_each\_text, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_exists, [SQL/JSON Query Functions](functions-json.html#SQLJSON-QUERY-FUNCTIONS)

json\_extract\_path, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_extract\_path\_text, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_object, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_objectagg, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

json\_object\_agg, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

json\_object\_agg\_strict, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

json\_object\_agg\_unique, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

json\_object\_agg\_unique\_strict, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

json\_object\_keys, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_populate\_record, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_populate\_recordset, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_query, [SQL/JSON Query Functions](functions-json.html#SQLJSON-QUERY-FUNCTIONS)

json\_scalar, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_strip\_nulls, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_table, [JSON\_TABLE](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-SQLJSON-TABLE)

json\_to\_record, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_to\_recordset, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_to\_tsvector, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html)

json\_typeof, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

json\_value, [SQL/JSON Query Functions](functions-json.html#SQLJSON-QUERY-FUNCTIONS)

Julian date, [Julian Dates](datetime-julian-dates.html)

Just-In-Time compilation (see [JIT](#ientry-id-1.6.17.2))

justify\_days, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

justify\_hours, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

justify\_interval, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

### K

key word, [Identifiers and Key Words](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS), [SQL Key Words](sql-keywords-appendix.html)

list of, [SQL Key Words](sql-keywords-appendix.html)

syntax of, [Identifiers and Key Words](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS)

krb\_caseins\_users configuration parameter, [Authentication](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-AUTHENTICATION)

krb\_server\_keyfile configuration parameter, [Authentication](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-AUTHENTICATION)

### L

label (see [alias](#ientry-id-1.4.4.7.11))

lag, [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

language\_handler, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

large object, [Large Objects](largeobjects.html)

lastval, [Sequence Manipulation Functions](functions-sequence.html)

last\_value, [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

LATERAL, [LATERAL Subqueries](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-LATERAL)

in the FROM clause, [LATERAL Subqueries](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-LATERAL)

latitude, [Cube-Based Earth Distances](earthdistance.html#EARTHDISTANCE-CUBE-BASED)

lca, [Operators and Functions](ltree.html#LTREE-OPS-FUNCS)

lcm, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

lc\_messages configuration parameter, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

lc\_monetary configuration parameter, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

lc\_numeric configuration parameter, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

lc\_time configuration parameter, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

LDAP, [PostgreSQL Features](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTIONS-FEATURES), [PostgreSQL Features](install-meson.html#MESON-OPTIONS-FEATURES), [LDAP Authentication](auth-ldap.html)

LDAP connection parameter lookup, [LDAP Lookup of Connection Parameters](libpq-ldap.html)

ldconfig, [Shared Libraries](install-post.html#INSTALL-POST-SHLIBS)

lead, [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

LEAST, [GREATEST and LEAST](functions-conditional.html#FUNCTIONS-GREATEST-LEAST), [UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs](typeconv-union-case.html)

determination of result type, [UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs](typeconv-union-case.html)

left, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

left join, [Joined Tables](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-JOIN)

length, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html), [Bit String Functions and Operators](functions-bitstring.html), [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html), [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html)

of a binary string (see binary strings, length)

of a character string (see [character string, length](#ientry-id-1.5.3.5.9.4.2))

length(tsvector), [Manipulating Documents](textsearch-features.html#TEXTSEARCH-MANIPULATE-TSVECTOR)

levenshtein, [Levenshtein](fuzzystrmatch.html#FUZZYSTRMATCH-LEVENSHTEIN)

levenshtein\_less\_equal, [Levenshtein](fuzzystrmatch.html#FUZZYSTRMATCH-LEVENSHTEIN)

lex, [Requirements](install-requirements.html)

lgamma, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

libedit, [Requirements](install-requirements.html)

in psql, [Command-Line Editing](app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-READLINE)

libperl, [Requirements](install-requirements.html)

libpq, [libpq — C Library](libpq.html), [Pipeline Mode](libpq-pipeline-mode.html), [Retrieving Query Results in Chunks](libpq-single-row-mode.html), [Retrieving Query Results in Chunks](libpq-single-row-mode.html)

chunked mode, [Retrieving Query Results in Chunks](libpq-single-row-mode.html)

pipeline mode, [Pipeline Mode](libpq-pipeline-mode.html)

single-row mode, [Retrieving Query Results in Chunks](libpq-single-row-mode.html)

libpq-fe.h, [libpq — C Library](libpq.html), [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

libpq-int.h, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

libpython, [Requirements](install-requirements.html)

library initialization function, [Dynamic Loading](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-DYNLOAD)

LIKE, [LIKE](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-LIKE)

and locales, [Behavior](locale.html#LOCALE-BEHAVIOR)

LIKE\_REGEX, [Differences from SQL Standard and XQuery](functions-matching.html#POSIX-VS-XQUERY), [SQL/JSON Regular Expressions](functions-json.html#JSONPATH-REGULAR-EXPRESSIONS)

in SQL/JSON, [SQL/JSON Regular Expressions](functions-json.html#JSONPATH-REGULAR-EXPRESSIONS)

LIMIT, [LIMIT and OFFSET](queries-limit.html)

line, [Lines](datatype-geometric.html#DATATYPE-LINE), [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

line segment, [Line Segments](datatype-geometric.html#DATATYPE-LSEG)

linear regression, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

Linux

IPC configuration, [Shared Memory and Semaphores](kernel-resources.html#SYSVIPC)

shared library, [Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions](xfunc-c.html#DFUNC)

start script, [Starting the Database Server](server-start.html)

LISTEN, [LISTEN](sql-listen.html)

listen\_addresses configuration parameter, [Connection Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SETTINGS)

llvm-config, [PostgreSQL Features](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTIONS-FEATURES), [PostgreSQL Features](install-meson.html#MESON-OPTIONS-FEATURES)

ll\_to\_earth, [Cube-Based Earth Distances](earthdistance.html#EARTHDISTANCE-CUBE-BASED)

ln, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

lo, [lo — manage large objects](lo.html)

LOAD, [LOAD](sql-load.html)

load balancing, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

locale, [Creating a Database Cluster](creating-cluster.html), [Locale Support](locale.html)

localtime, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

localtimestamp, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

local\_preload\_libraries configuration parameter, [Shared Library Preloading](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-PRELOAD)

lock, [Explicit Locking](explicit-locking.html), [Advisory Locks](explicit-locking.html#ADVISORY-LOCKS), [Viewing Locks](monitoring-locks.html)

advisory, [Advisory Locks](explicit-locking.html#ADVISORY-LOCKS)

monitoring, [Viewing Locks](monitoring-locks.html)

LOCK, [Table-Level Locks](explicit-locking.html#LOCKING-TABLES), [LOCK](sql-lock.html)

lock\_timeout configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

log, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

log shipping, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

log10, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

Logging

current\_logfiles file and the pg\_current\_logfile function, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_current\_logfile function, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

logging\_collector configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

Logical Decoding, [Logical Decoding](logicaldecoding.html), [Logical Decoding](logicaldecoding-explanation.html#LOGICALDECODING-EXPLANATION-LOG-DEC)

logical\_decoding\_work\_mem configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

login privilege, [Role Attributes](role-attributes.html)

log\_autovacuum\_min\_duration

configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

log\_btree\_build\_stats configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

log\_checkpoints configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_connections configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_destination configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

log\_directory configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

log\_disconnections configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_duration configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_error\_verbosity configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_executor\_stats configuration parameter, [Statistics Monitoring](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-STATISTICS-MONITOR)

log\_filename configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

log\_file\_mode configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

log\_hostname configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_line\_prefix configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_lock\_failures configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_lock\_waits configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_min\_duration\_sample configuration parameter, [When to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHEN)

log\_min\_duration\_statement configuration parameter, [When to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHEN)

log\_min\_error\_statement configuration parameter, [When to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHEN)

log\_min\_messages configuration parameter, [When to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHEN)

log\_parameter\_max\_length configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_parameter\_max\_length\_on\_error configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_parser\_stats configuration parameter, [Statistics Monitoring](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-STATISTICS-MONITOR)

log\_planner\_stats configuration parameter, [Statistics Monitoring](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-STATISTICS-MONITOR)

log\_recovery\_conflict\_waits configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_replication\_commands configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_rotation\_age configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

log\_rotation\_size configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

log\_startup\_progress\_interval configuration parameter, [When to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHEN)

log\_statement configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_statement\_sample\_rate configuration parameter, [When to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHEN)

log\_statement\_stats configuration parameter, [Statistics Monitoring](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-STATISTICS-MONITOR)

log\_temp\_files configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_timezone configuration parameter, [What to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHAT)

log\_transaction\_sample\_rate configuration parameter, [When to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHEN)

log\_truncate\_on\_rotation configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

longitude, [Cube-Based Earth Distances](earthdistance.html#EARTHDISTANCE-CUBE-BASED)

looks\_like\_number

in PL/Perl, [Utility Functions in PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-UTILITY-FUNCTIONS)

loop, [Simple Loops](plpgsql-control-structures.html#PLPGSQL-CONTROL-STRUCTURES-LOOPS)

in PL/pgSQL, [Simple Loops](plpgsql-control-structures.html#PLPGSQL-CONTROL-STRUCTURES-LOOPS)

lower, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Range/Multirange Functions and Operators](functions-range.html)

and locales, [Behavior](locale.html#LOCALE-BEHAVIOR)

lower\_inc, [Range/Multirange Functions and Operators](functions-range.html)

lower\_inf, [Range/Multirange Functions and Operators](functions-range.html)

lo\_close, [Closing a Large Object Descriptor](lo-interfaces.html#LO-CLOSE)

lo\_compat\_privileges configuration parameter, [Previous PostgreSQL Versions](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-VERSION)

lo\_creat, [Creating a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-CREATE), [Server-Side Functions](lo-funcs.html)

lo\_create, [Creating a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-CREATE)

lo\_export, [Exporting a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-EXPORT), [Server-Side Functions](lo-funcs.html)

lo\_from\_bytea, [Server-Side Functions](lo-funcs.html)

lo\_get, [Server-Side Functions](lo-funcs.html)

lo\_import, [Importing a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-IMPORT), [Server-Side Functions](lo-funcs.html)

lo\_import\_with\_oid, [Importing a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-IMPORT)

lo\_lseek, [Seeking in a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-SEEK)

lo\_lseek64, [Seeking in a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-SEEK)

lo\_open, [Opening an Existing Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-OPEN)

lo\_put, [Server-Side Functions](lo-funcs.html)

lo\_read, [Reading Data from a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-READ)

lo\_tell, [Obtaining the Seek Position of a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-TELL)

lo\_tell64, [Obtaining the Seek Position of a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-TELL)

lo\_truncate, [Truncating a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-TRUNCATE)

lo\_truncate64, [Truncating a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-TRUNCATE)

lo\_unlink, [Removing a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-UNLINK), [Server-Side Functions](lo-funcs.html)

lo\_write, [Writing Data to a Large Object](lo-interfaces.html#LO-WRITE)

lpad, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

lseg, [Line Segments](datatype-geometric.html#DATATYPE-LSEG), [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

LSN, [WAL Internals](wal-internals.html)

ltree, [ltree — hierarchical tree-like data type](ltree.html)

ltree2text, [Operators and Functions](ltree.html#LTREE-OPS-FUNCS)

ltrim, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

### M

MAC address (see macaddr)

MAC address (EUI-64 format) (see macaddr)

macaddr (data type), [macaddr](datatype-net-types.html#DATATYPE-MACADDR)

macaddr8 (data type), [macaddr8](datatype-net-types.html#DATATYPE-MACADDR8)

macaddr8\_set7bit, [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

macOS, [macOS](installation-platform-notes.html#INSTALLATION-NOTES-MACOS)

installation on, [macOS](installation-platform-notes.html#INSTALLATION-NOTES-MACOS)

IPC configuration, [Shared Memory and Semaphores](kernel-resources.html#SYSVIPC)

shared library, [Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions](xfunc-c.html#DFUNC)

magic block, [Dynamic Loading](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-DYNLOAD)

maintenance, [Routine Database Maintenance Tasks](maintenance.html)

maintenance\_io\_concurrency configuration parameter, [I/O](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-IO)

maintenance\_work\_mem configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

make, [Requirements](install-requirements.html)

makeaclitem, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

make\_date, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

make\_interval, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

make\_time, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

make\_timestamp, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

make\_timestamptz, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

make\_valid, [Functions and Operators](isn.html#ISN-FUNCS-OPS)

MANPATH, [Environment Variables](install-post.html#INSTALL-POST-ENV-VARS)

masklen, [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

materialized view, [Materialized Views](rules-materializedviews.html)

implementation through rules, [Materialized Views](rules-materializedviews.html)

materialized views, [pg\_matviews](view-pg-matviews.html)

max, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

max\_active\_replication\_origins configuration parameter, [Subscribers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-SUBSCRIBER)

max\_connections configuration parameter, [Connection Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SETTINGS)

max\_files\_per\_process configuration parameter, [Kernel Resource Usage](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-KERNEL)

max\_function\_args configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

max\_identifier\_length configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

max\_index\_keys configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

max\_locks\_per\_transaction configuration parameter, [Lock Management](runtime-config-locks.html)

max\_logical\_replication\_workers configuration parameter, [Subscribers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-SUBSCRIBER)

max\_notify\_queue\_pages configuration parameter, [Disk](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-DISK)

max\_parallel\_apply\_workers\_per\_subscription configuration parameter, [Subscribers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-SUBSCRIBER)

max\_parallel\_maintenance\_workers configuration parameter, [Worker Processes](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-WORKER-PROCESSES)

max\_parallel\_workers configuration parameter, [Worker Processes](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-WORKER-PROCESSES)

max\_parallel\_workers\_per\_gather configuration parameter, [Worker Processes](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-WORKER-PROCESSES)

max\_pred\_locks\_per\_page configuration parameter, [Lock Management](runtime-config-locks.html)

max\_pred\_locks\_per\_relation configuration parameter, [Lock Management](runtime-config-locks.html)

max\_pred\_locks\_per\_transaction configuration parameter, [Lock Management](runtime-config-locks.html)

max\_prepared\_transactions configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

max\_replication\_slots configuration parameter, [Sending Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-SENDER)

max\_slot\_wal\_keep\_size configuration parameter, [Sending Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-SENDER)

max\_stack\_depth configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

max\_standby\_archive\_delay configuration parameter, [Standby Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-STANDBY)

max\_standby\_streaming\_delay configuration parameter, [Standby Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-STANDBY)

max\_sync\_workers\_per\_subscription configuration parameter, [Subscribers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-SUBSCRIBER)

max\_wal\_senders configuration parameter, [Sending Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-SENDER)

max\_wal\_size configuration parameter, [Checkpoints](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-CHECKPOINTS)

max\_worker\_processes configuration parameter, [Worker Processes](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-WORKER-PROCESSES)

md5, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

MD5, [Password Authentication](auth-password.html)

md5\_password\_warnings configuration parameter, [Authentication](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-AUTHENTICATION)

median, [Aggregate Expressions](sql-expressions.html#SYNTAX-AGGREGATES)

(see also [percentile](#ientry-id-1.5.8.27.18.2.4.2.1.1.1))

memory context

in SPI, [Memory Management](spi-memory.html)

memory overcommit, [Linux Memory Overcommit](kernel-resources.html#LINUX-MEMORY-OVERCOMMIT)

MERGE, [Returning Data from Modified Rows](dml-returning.html), [MERGE](sql-merge.html)

RETURNING, [Returning Data from Modified Rows](dml-returning.html), [Merge Support Functions](functions-merge-support.html)

merge\_action, [Merge Support Functions](functions-merge-support.html)

Meson, [Requirements](install-requirements.html)

metaphone, [Metaphone](fuzzystrmatch.html#FUZZYSTRMATCH-METAPHONE)

min, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

MinGW, [MinGW](installation-platform-notes.html#INSTALLATION-NOTES-MINGW)

installation on, [MinGW](installation-platform-notes.html#INSTALLATION-NOTES-MINGW)

min\_dynamic\_shared\_memory configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

min\_parallel\_index\_scan\_size configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

min\_parallel\_table\_scan\_size configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

min\_scale, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

min\_wal\_size configuration parameter, [Checkpoints](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-CHECKPOINTS)

mod, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

mode

statistical, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

monitoring, [Monitoring Database Activity](monitoring.html)

database activity, [Monitoring Database Activity](monitoring.html)

MOVE, [MOVE](sql-move.html)

moving-aggregate mode, [Moving-Aggregate Mode](xaggr.html#XAGGR-MOVING-AGGREGATES)

multirange (function), [Range/Multirange Functions and Operators](functions-range.html)

multirange type, [Range Types](rangetypes.html)

Multiversion Concurrency Control, [Introduction](mvcc-intro.html)

MultiXactId, [Multixacts and Wraparound](routine-vacuuming.html#VACUUM-FOR-MULTIXACT-WRAPAROUND)

multixact\_member\_buffers configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

multixact\_offset\_buffers configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

MVCC, [Introduction](mvcc-intro.html)

mxid\_age, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

### N

name, [Identifiers and Key Words](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS)

qualified, [Creating a Schema](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-CREATE)

syntax of, [Identifiers and Key Words](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS)

unqualified, [The Schema Search Path](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PATH)

NaN (see [not a number](#ientry-id-1.5.7.9.7.15))

natural join, [Joined Tables](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-JOIN)

negation, [Logical Operators](functions-logical.html)

NetBSD

IPC configuration, [Shared Memory and Semaphores](kernel-resources.html#SYSVIPC)

shared library, [Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions](xfunc-c.html#DFUNC)

start script, [Starting the Database Server](server-start.html)

netmask, [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

network, [Network Address Types](datatype-net-types.html), [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

data types, [Network Address Types](datatype-net-types.html)

nextval, [Sequence Manipulation Functions](functions-sequence.html)

NFS, [NFS](creating-cluster.html#CREATING-CLUSTER-NFS)

nlevel, [Operators and Functions](ltree.html#LTREE-OPS-FUNCS)

non-durable, [Non-Durable Settings](non-durability.html)

nonblocking connection, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html), [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

nonrepeatable read, [Transaction Isolation](transaction-iso.html)

normalize, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

normalized, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

normal\_rand, [normal\_rand](tablefunc.html#TABLEFUNC-FUNCTIONS-NORMAL-RAND)

NOT (operator), [Logical Operators](functions-logical.html)

not a number

floating point, [Floating-Point Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-FLOAT)

numeric (data type), [Arbitrary Precision Numbers](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-NUMERIC-DECIMAL)

NOT IN, [Subquery Expressions](functions-subquery.html), [Row and Array Comparisons](functions-comparisons.html)

not-null constraint, [Not-Null Constraints](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-NOT-NULL)

notation, [Calling Functions](sql-syntax-calling-funcs.html)

functions, [Calling Functions](sql-syntax-calling-funcs.html)

notice processing, [Notice Processing](libpq-notice-processing.html)

in libpq, [Notice Processing](libpq-notice-processing.html)

notice processor, [Notice Processing](libpq-notice-processing.html)

notice receiver, [Notice Processing](libpq-notice-processing.html)

NOTIFY, [Asynchronous Notification](libpq-notify.html), [NOTIFY](sql-notify.html)

in libpq, [Asynchronous Notification](libpq-notify.html)

notify\_buffers configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

NOTNULL, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

now, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

npoints, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

nth\_value, [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

ntile, [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

null value

with check constraints, [Check Constraints](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-CHECK-CONSTRAINTS)

comparing, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

default value, [Default Values](ddl-default.html)

in DISTINCT, [DISTINCT](queries-select-lists.html#QUERIES-DISTINCT)

in libpq, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

in PL/Perl, [PL/Perl Functions and Arguments](plperl-funcs.html)

in PL/Python, [Null, None](plpython-data.html#PLPYTHON-DATA-NULL)

with unique constraints, [Unique Constraints](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-UNIQUE-CONSTRAINTS)

NULLIF, [NULLIF](functions-conditional.html#FUNCTIONS-NULLIF)

number

constant, [Numeric Constants](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-CONSTANTS-NUMERIC)

numeric, [Numeric Constants](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-CONSTANTS-NUMERIC)

numeric (data type), [Arbitrary Precision Numbers](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-NUMERIC-DECIMAL)

numnode, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Manipulating Queries](textsearch-features.html#TEXTSEARCH-MANIPULATE-TSQUERY)

num\_nonnulls, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

num\_nulls, [Comparison Functions and Operators](functions-comparison.html)

num\_os\_semaphores configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

NVL, [COALESCE](functions-conditional.html#FUNCTIONS-COALESCE-NVL-IFNULL)

### O

OAuth Authorization/Authentication, [OAuth Authorization/Authentication](auth-oauth.html)

OAuth Validators, [OAuth Validator Modules](oauth-validators.html)

oauth\_validator\_libraries configuration parameter, [Authentication](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-AUTHENTICATION)

object identifier, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

data type, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

object-oriented database, [Concepts](tutorial-concepts.html)

obj\_description, [Comment Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-COMMENT)

OCCURRENCES\_REGEX, [Differences from SQL Standard and XQuery](functions-matching.html#POSIX-VS-XQUERY)

octet\_length, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html), [Bit String Functions and Operators](functions-bitstring.html)

OFFSET, [LIMIT and OFFSET](queries-limit.html)

oid, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

OID

in libpq, [Retrieving Other Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-NONSELECT)

oid2name, [oid2name](oid2name.html)

ON CONFLICT, [INSERT](sql-insert.html)

ONLY, [The FROM Clause](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-FROM)

OOM, [Linux Memory Overcommit](kernel-resources.html#LINUX-MEMORY-OVERCOMMIT)

OpenBSD

IPC configuration, [Shared Memory and Semaphores](kernel-resources.html#SYSVIPC)

shared library, [Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions](xfunc-c.html#DFUNC)

start script, [Starting the Database Server](server-start.html)

OpenSSL, [PostgreSQL Features](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTIONS-FEATURES), [PostgreSQL Features](install-meson.html#MESON-OPTIONS-FEATURES)

(see also [SSL](#ientry-id-1.6.5.12.2))

operator, [Operators](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-OPERATORS), [Operator Precedence](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-PRECEDENCE), [Functions and Operators](functions.html), [Logical Operators](functions-logical.html), [Operators](typeconv-oper.html), [User-Defined Operators](xoper.html)

invocation, [Operator Invocations](sql-expressions.html#SQL-EXPRESSIONS-OPERATOR-CALLS)

logical, [Logical Operators](functions-logical.html)

precedence, [Operator Precedence](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-PRECEDENCE)

syntax, [Operators](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-OPERATORS)

type resolution in an invocation, [Operators](typeconv-oper.html)

user-defined, [User-Defined Operators](xoper.html)

operator class, [Operator Classes and Operator Families](indexes-opclass.html), [Index Methods and Operator Classes](xindex.html#XINDEX-OPCLASS)

operator family, [Operator Classes and Operator Families](indexes-opclass.html), [Operator Classes and Operator Families](xindex.html#XINDEX-OPFAMILY)

optimization information, [Function Optimization Information](xfunc-optimization.html), [Operator Optimization Information](xoper-optimization.html)

for functions, [Function Optimization Information](xfunc-optimization.html)

for operators, [Operator Optimization Information](xoper-optimization.html)

OR (operator), [Logical Operators](functions-logical.html)

Oracle, [Porting from Oracle PL/SQL](plpgsql-porting.html)

porting from PL/SQL to PL/pgSQL, [Porting from Oracle PL/SQL](plpgsql-porting.html)

ORDER BY, [Querying a Table](tutorial-select.html), [Sorting Rows (ORDER BY)](queries-order.html)

and locales, [Behavior](locale.html#LOCALE-BEHAVIOR)

ordered-set aggregate, [Aggregate Expressions](sql-expressions.html#SYNTAX-AGGREGATES)

built-in, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

ordering operator, [System Dependencies on Operator Classes](xindex.html#XINDEX-OPCLASS-DEPENDENCIES)

ordinality, [Set Returning Functions](functions-srf.html)

outer join, [Joined Tables](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-JOIN)

output function, [User-Defined Types](xtypes.html)

OVER clause, [Window Function Calls](sql-expressions.html#SYNTAX-WINDOW-FUNCTIONS)

overcommit, [Linux Memory Overcommit](kernel-resources.html#LINUX-MEMORY-OVERCOMMIT)

OVERLAPS, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

overlay, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html), [Bit String Functions and Operators](functions-bitstring.html)

overloading, [Function Overloading](xfunc-overload.html)

functions, [Function Overloading](xfunc-overload.html)

operators, [User-Defined Operators](xoper.html)

owner, [Privileges](ddl-priv.html)

### P

pageinspect, [pageinspect — low-level inspection of database pages](pageinspect.html)

pages\_per\_range storage parameter, [Index Storage Parameters](sql-createindex.html#SQL-CREATEINDEX-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

page\_checksum, [General Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-GENERAL-FUNCS)

page\_header, [General Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-GENERAL-FUNCS)

palloc, [Writing Code](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-CODE)

PAM, [PostgreSQL Features](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTIONS-FEATURES), [PostgreSQL Features](install-meson.html#MESON-OPTIONS-FEATURES), [PAM Authentication](auth-pam.html)

parallel query, [Parallel Query](parallel-query.html)

parallel\_leader\_participation configuration parameter, [Worker Processes](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-WORKER-PROCESSES)

parallel\_setup\_cost configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

parallel\_tuple\_cost configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

parallel\_workers storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

parameter

syntax, [Positional Parameters](sql-expressions.html#SQL-EXPRESSIONS-PARAMETERS-POSITIONAL)

parenthesis, [Value Expressions](sql-expressions.html)

parse\_ident, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

partition pruning, [Partition Pruning](ddl-partitioning.html#DDL-PARTITION-PRUNING)

partitioned table, [Table Partitioning](ddl-partitioning.html)

partitioning, [Table Partitioning](ddl-partitioning.html)

password, [Role Attributes](role-attributes.html)

authentication, [Password Authentication](auth-password.html)

of the superuser, [Creating a Database Cluster](creating-cluster.html)

password file, [The Password File](libpq-pgpass.html)

passwordcheck, [passwordcheck — verify password strength](passwordcheck.html)

passwordcheck.min\_password\_length configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](passwordcheck.html#PASSWORDCHECK-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

password\_encryption configuration parameter, [Authentication](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-AUTHENTICATION)

path, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

for schemas, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

PATH, [Environment Variables](install-post.html#INSTALL-POST-ENV-VARS)

path (data type), [Paths](datatype-geometric.html#DATATYPE-GEOMETRIC-PATHS)

pattern matching, [Pattern Matching](functions-matching.html)

patterns

in psql and pg\_dump, [Patterns](app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-PATTERNS)

pclose, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

peer, [Peer Authentication](auth-peer.html)

percentile

continuous, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

discrete, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

percent\_rank, [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

hypothetical, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

performance, [Performance Tips](performance-tips.html)

perl, [Requirements](install-requirements.html)

Perl, [PL/Perl — Perl Procedural Language](plperl.html)

permission (see [privilege](#ientry-id-1.5.4.10.2))

pfree, [Writing Code](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-CODE)

PGAPPNAME, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

pgbench, [pgbench](pgbench.html)

PGcancel, [Obsolete Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-DEPRECATED)

PGcancelConn, [Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-FUNCTIONS)

PGCHANNELBINDING, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGCLIENTENCODING, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGconn, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PGCONNECT\_TIMEOUT, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

pgcrypto, [pgcrypto — cryptographic functions](pgcrypto.html)

pgcrypto.builtin\_crypto\_enabled configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

PGDATA, [Creating a Database Cluster](creating-cluster.html)

PGDATABASE, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGDATESTYLE, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGEventProc, [Event Callback Procedure](libpq-events.html#LIBPQ-EVENTS-PROC)

PGGEQO, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGGSSDELEGATION, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGGSSENCMODE, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGGSSLIB, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGHOST, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGHOSTADDR, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGKRBSRVNAME, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGLOADBALANCEHOSTS, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGLOCALEDIR, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGMAXPROTOCOLVERSION, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGMINPROTOCOLVERSION, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGOPTIONS, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGPASSFILE, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGPASSWORD, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGPORT, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

pgp\_armor\_headers, [pgp\_armor\_headers](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PGP-ENC-FUNCS-PGP-ARMOR-HEADERS)

pgp\_key\_id, [pgp\_key\_id()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PGP-ENC-FUNCS-PGP-KEY-ID)

pgp\_pub\_decrypt, [pgp\_pub\_decrypt()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PGP-ENC-FUNCS-PGP-PUB-DECRYPT)

pgp\_pub\_decrypt\_bytea, [pgp\_pub\_decrypt()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PGP-ENC-FUNCS-PGP-PUB-DECRYPT)

pgp\_pub\_encrypt, [pgp\_pub\_encrypt()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PGP-ENC-FUNCS-PGP-PUB-ENCRYPT)

pgp\_pub\_encrypt\_bytea, [pgp\_pub\_encrypt()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PGP-ENC-FUNCS-PGP-PUB-ENCRYPT)

pgp\_sym\_decrypt, [pgp\_sym\_decrypt()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PGP-ENC-FUNCS-PGP-SYM-DECRYPT)

pgp\_sym\_decrypt\_bytea, [pgp\_sym\_decrypt()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PGP-ENC-FUNCS-PGP-SYM-DECRYPT)

pgp\_sym\_encrypt, [pgp\_sym\_encrypt()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PGP-ENC-FUNCS-PGP-SYM-ENCRYPT)

pgp\_sym\_encrypt\_bytea, [pgp\_sym\_encrypt()](pgcrypto.html#PGCRYPTO-PGP-ENC-FUNCS-PGP-SYM-ENCRYPT)

PGREQUIREAUTH, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGREQUIREPEER, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGREQUIRESSL, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGresult, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

pgrowlocks, [pgrowlocks — show a table's row locking information](pgrowlocks.html), [Overview](pgrowlocks.html#PGROWLOCKS-OVERVIEW)

PGSERVICE, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSERVICEFILE, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSSLCERT, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSSLCERTMODE, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSSLCOMPRESSION, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSSLCRL, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSSLCRLDIR, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSSLKEY, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSSLMAXPROTOCOLVERSION, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSSLMINPROTOCOLVERSION, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSSLMODE, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSSLNEGOTIATION, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSSLROOTCERT, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGSSLSNI, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

pgstatginindex, [Functions](pgstattuple.html#PGSTATTUPLE-FUNCS)

pgstathashindex, [Functions](pgstattuple.html#PGSTATTUPLE-FUNCS)

pgstatindex, [Functions](pgstattuple.html#PGSTATTUPLE-FUNCS)

pgstattuple, [pgstattuple — obtain tuple-level statistics](pgstattuple.html), [Functions](pgstattuple.html#PGSTATTUPLE-FUNCS)

pgstattuple\_approx, [Functions](pgstattuple.html#PGSTATTUPLE-FUNCS)

PGSYSCONFDIR, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGTARGETSESSIONATTRS, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGTZ, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

PGUSER, [Environment Variables](libpq-envars.html)

pgxs, [Extension Building Infrastructure](extend-pgxs.html)

pg\_advisory\_lock, [Advisory Lock Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS)

pg\_advisory\_lock\_shared, [Advisory Lock Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS)

pg\_advisory\_unlock, [Advisory Lock Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS)

pg\_advisory\_unlock\_all, [Advisory Lock Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS)

pg\_advisory\_unlock\_shared, [Advisory Lock Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS)

pg\_advisory\_xact\_lock, [Advisory Lock Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS)

pg\_advisory\_xact\_lock\_shared, [Advisory Lock Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS)

pg\_aggregate, [pg\_aggregate](catalog-pg-aggregate.html)

pg\_aios, [pg\_aios](view-pg-aios.html)

pg\_am, [pg\_am](catalog-pg-am.html)

pg\_amcheck, [pg\_amcheck](app-pgamcheck.html)

pg\_amop, [pg\_amop](catalog-pg-amop.html)

pg\_amproc, [pg\_amproc](catalog-pg-amproc.html)

pg\_archivecleanup, [pg\_archivecleanup](pgarchivecleanup.html)

pg\_attrdef, [pg\_attrdef](catalog-pg-attrdef.html)

pg\_attribute, [pg\_attribute](catalog-pg-attribute.html)

pg\_authid, [pg\_authid](catalog-pg-authid.html)

pg\_auth\_members, [pg\_auth\_members](catalog-pg-auth-members.html)

pg\_available\_extensions, [pg\_available\_extensions](view-pg-available-extensions.html)

pg\_available\_extension\_versions, [pg\_available\_extension\_versions](view-pg-available-extension-versions.html)

pg\_available\_wal\_summaries, [WAL Summarization Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-WAL-SUMMARY)

pg\_backend\_memory\_contexts, [pg\_backend\_memory\_contexts](view-pg-backend-memory-contexts.html)

pg\_backend\_pid, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_backup\_start, [Backup Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP)

pg\_backup\_stop, [Backup Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP)

pg\_basebackup, [pg\_basebackup](app-pgbasebackup.html)

pg\_basetype, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_blocking\_pids, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_buffercache, [pg\_buffercache — inspect PostgreSQL buffer cache state](pgbuffercache.html)

pg\_buffercache\_evict, [pg\_buffercache — inspect PostgreSQL buffer cache state](pgbuffercache.html)

pg\_buffercache\_evict\_all, [pg\_buffercache — inspect PostgreSQL buffer cache state](pgbuffercache.html)

pg\_buffercache\_evict\_relation, [pg\_buffercache — inspect PostgreSQL buffer cache state](pgbuffercache.html)

pg\_buffercache\_numa, [pg\_buffercache — inspect PostgreSQL buffer cache state](pgbuffercache.html)

pg\_buffercache\_pages, [pg\_buffercache — inspect PostgreSQL buffer cache state](pgbuffercache.html)

pg\_buffercache\_summary, [pg\_buffercache — inspect PostgreSQL buffer cache state](pgbuffercache.html)

pg\_buffercache\_usage\_counts, [pg\_buffercache — inspect PostgreSQL buffer cache state](pgbuffercache.html)

pg\_cancel\_backend, [Server Signaling Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-SIGNAL)

pg\_cast, [pg\_cast](catalog-pg-cast.html)

pg\_char\_to\_encoding, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_checksums, [pg\_checksums](app-pgchecksums.html)

pg\_class, [pg\_class](catalog-pg-class.html)

pg\_clear\_attribute\_stats, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_clear\_relation\_stats, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_client\_encoding, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

pg\_collation, [pg\_collation](catalog-pg-collation.html)

pg\_collation\_actual\_version, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_collation\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

PG\_COLOR, [When Color is Used](color-when.html)

PG\_COLORS, [Configuring the Colors](color-which.html)

pg\_column\_compression, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_column\_size, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_column\_toast\_chunk\_id, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_combinebackup, [pg\_combinebackup](app-pgcombinebackup.html)

pg\_config, [pg\_config](app-pgconfig.html), [pg\_config](view-pg-config.html)

with ecpg, [Processing Embedded SQL Programs](ecpg-process.html)

with libpq, [Building libpq Programs](libpq-build.html)

with user-defined C functions, [Writing Code](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-CODE)

pg\_conf\_load\_time, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_constraint, [pg\_constraint](catalog-pg-constraint.html)

pg\_controldata, [pg\_controldata](app-pgcontroldata.html)

pg\_control\_checkpoint, [Control Data Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CONTROLDATA)

pg\_control\_init, [Control Data Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CONTROLDATA)

pg\_control\_recovery, [Control Data Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CONTROLDATA)

pg\_control\_system, [Control Data Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CONTROLDATA)

pg\_conversion, [pg\_conversion](catalog-pg-conversion.html)

pg\_conversion\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

pg\_copy\_logical\_replication\_slot, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_copy\_physical\_replication\_slot, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_createsubscriber, [pg\_createsubscriber](app-pgcreatesubscriber.html)

pg\_create\_logical\_replication\_slot, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_create\_physical\_replication\_slot, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_create\_restore\_point, [Backup Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP)

pg\_ctl, [Creating a Database Cluster](creating-cluster.html), [Starting the Database Server](server-start.html), [pg\_ctl](app-pg-ctl.html)

pg\_current\_logfile, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_current\_snapshot, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

pg\_current\_wal\_flush\_lsn, [Backup Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP)

pg\_current\_wal\_insert\_lsn, [Backup Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP)

pg\_current\_wal\_lsn, [Backup Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP)

pg\_current\_xact\_id, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

pg\_current\_xact\_id\_if\_assigned, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

pg\_cursors, [pg\_cursors](view-pg-cursors.html)

pg\_database, [Template Databases](manage-ag-templatedbs.html), [pg\_database](catalog-pg-database.html)

pg\_database\_collation\_actual\_version, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_database\_size, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_db\_role\_setting, [pg\_db\_role\_setting](catalog-pg-db-role-setting.html)

pg\_ddl\_command, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

pg\_default\_acl, [pg\_default\_acl](catalog-pg-default-acl.html)

pg\_depend, [pg\_depend](catalog-pg-depend.html)

pg\_describe\_object, [Object Information and Addressing Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-OBJECT)

pg\_description, [pg\_description](catalog-pg-description.html)

pg\_drop\_replication\_slot, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_dump, [pg\_dump](app-pgdump.html)

pg\_dumpall, [pg\_dumpall](app-pg-dumpall.html)

use during upgrade, [Upgrading Data via pg\_dumpall](upgrading.html#UPGRADING-VIA-PGDUMPALL)

pg\_encoding\_to\_char, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_enum, [pg\_enum](catalog-pg-enum.html)

pg\_event\_trigger, [pg\_event\_trigger](catalog-pg-event-trigger.html)

pg\_event\_trigger\_ddl\_commands, [Capturing Changes at Command End](functions-event-triggers.html#PG-EVENT-TRIGGER-DDL-COMMAND-END-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_event\_trigger\_dropped\_objects, [Processing Objects Dropped by a DDL Command](functions-event-triggers.html#PG-EVENT-TRIGGER-SQL-DROP-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_event\_trigger\_table\_rewrite\_oid, [Handling a Table Rewrite Event](functions-event-triggers.html#PG-EVENT-TRIGGER-TABLE-REWRITE-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_event\_trigger\_table\_rewrite\_reason, [Handling a Table Rewrite Event](functions-event-triggers.html#PG-EVENT-TRIGGER-TABLE-REWRITE-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_export\_snapshot, [Snapshot Synchronization Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-SNAPSHOT-SYNCHRONIZATION)

pg\_extension, [pg\_extension](catalog-pg-extension.html)

pg\_extension\_config\_dump, [Extension Configuration Tables](extend-extensions.html#EXTEND-EXTENSIONS-CONFIG-TABLES)

pg\_filenode\_relation, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_file\_settings, [pg\_file\_settings](view-pg-file-settings.html)

pg\_foreign\_data\_wrapper, [pg\_foreign\_data\_wrapper](catalog-pg-foreign-data-wrapper.html)

pg\_foreign\_server, [pg\_foreign\_server](catalog-pg-foreign-server.html)

pg\_foreign\_table, [pg\_foreign\_table](catalog-pg-foreign-table.html)

pg\_freespace, [Functions](pgfreespacemap.html#PGFREESPACEMAP-FUNCS)

pg\_freespacemap, [pg\_freespacemap — examine the free space map](pgfreespacemap.html)

pg\_function\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

pg\_get\_acl, [Object Information and Addressing Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-OBJECT)

pg\_get\_catalog\_foreign\_keys, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_constraintdef, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_expr, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_functiondef, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_function\_arguments, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_function\_identity\_arguments, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_function\_result, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_indexdef, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_keywords, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_loaded\_modules, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_get\_multixact\_members, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

pg\_get\_object\_address, [Object Information and Addressing Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-OBJECT)

pg\_get\_partition\_constraintdef, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_partkeydef, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_ruledef, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_serial\_sequence, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_statisticsobjdef, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_triggerdef, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_userbyid, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_viewdef, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_get\_wal\_replay\_pause\_state, [Recovery Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-RECOVERY-CONTROL)

pg\_get\_wal\_resource\_managers, [Recovery Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-RECOVERY-CONTROL)

pg\_get\_wal\_summarizer\_state, [WAL Summarization Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-WAL-SUMMARY)

pg\_group, [pg\_group](view-pg-group.html)

pg\_has\_role, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

pg\_hba.conf, [The pg\_hba.conf File](auth-pg-hba-conf.html)

pg\_hba\_file\_rules, [pg\_hba\_file\_rules](view-pg-hba-file-rules.html)

pg\_ident.conf, [User Name Maps](auth-username-maps.html)

pg\_identify\_object, [Object Information and Addressing Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-OBJECT)

pg\_identify\_object\_as\_address, [Object Information and Addressing Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-OBJECT)

pg\_ident\_file\_mappings, [pg\_ident\_file\_mappings](view-pg-ident-file-mappings.html)

pg\_import\_system\_collations, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_index, [pg\_index](catalog-pg-index.html)

pg\_indexam\_has\_property, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_indexes, [pg\_indexes](view-pg-indexes.html)

pg\_indexes\_size, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_index\_column\_has\_property, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_index\_has\_property, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_inherits, [pg\_inherits](catalog-pg-inherits.html)

pg\_init\_privs, [pg\_init\_privs](catalog-pg-init-privs.html)

pg\_input\_error\_info, [Data Validity Checking Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-VALIDITY)

pg\_input\_is\_valid, [Data Validity Checking Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-VALIDITY)

pg\_isready, [pg\_isready](app-pg-isready.html)

pg\_is\_in\_recovery, [Recovery Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-RECOVERY-CONTROL)

pg\_is\_other\_temp\_schema, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_is\_wal\_replay\_paused, [Recovery Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-RECOVERY-CONTROL)

pg\_jit\_available, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_language, [pg\_language](catalog-pg-language.html)

pg\_largeobject, [pg\_largeobject](catalog-pg-largeobject.html)

pg\_largeobject\_metadata, [pg\_largeobject\_metadata](catalog-pg-largeobject-metadata.html)

pg\_last\_committed\_xact, [Committed Transaction Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-COMMIT-TIMESTAMP)

pg\_last\_wal\_receive\_lsn, [Recovery Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-RECOVERY-CONTROL)

pg\_last\_wal\_replay\_lsn, [Recovery Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-RECOVERY-CONTROL)

pg\_last\_xact\_replay\_timestamp, [Recovery Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-RECOVERY-CONTROL)

pg\_listening\_channels, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_locks, [pg\_locks](view-pg-locks.html)

pg\_logicalinspect, [pg\_logicalinspect — logical decoding components inspection](pglogicalinspect.html)

pg\_logical\_emit\_message, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_logical\_slot\_get\_binary\_changes, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_logical\_slot\_get\_changes, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_logical\_slot\_peek\_binary\_changes, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_logical\_slot\_peek\_changes, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_log\_backend\_memory\_contexts, [Server Signaling Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-SIGNAL)

pg\_log\_standby\_snapshot, [Snapshot Synchronization Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-SNAPSHOT-SYNCHRONIZATION)

pg\_lsn, [pg\_lsn Type](datatype-pg-lsn.html)

pg\_ls\_archive\_statusdir, [Generic File Access Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE)

pg\_ls\_dir, [Generic File Access Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE)

pg\_ls\_logdir, [Generic File Access Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE)

pg\_ls\_logicalmapdir, [Generic File Access Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE)

pg\_ls\_logicalsnapdir, [Generic File Access Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE)

pg\_ls\_replslotdir, [Generic File Access Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE)

pg\_ls\_summariesdir, [Generic File Access Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE)

pg\_ls\_tmpdir, [Generic File Access Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE)

pg\_ls\_waldir, [Generic File Access Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE)

pg\_matviews, [pg\_matviews](view-pg-matviews.html)

pg\_mcv\_list\_items, [Inspecting MCV Lists](functions-statistics.html#FUNCTIONS-STATISTICS-MCV)

PG\_MODULE\_MAGIC, [Dynamic Loading](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-C-DYNLOAD)

pg\_my\_temp\_schema, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_namespace, [pg\_namespace](catalog-pg-namespace.html)

pg\_notification\_queue\_usage, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_notify, [pg\_notify](sql-notify.html#id-1.9.3.158.7.5)

pg\_numa\_available, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_opclass, [pg\_opclass](catalog-pg-opclass.html)

pg\_opclass\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

pg\_operator, [pg\_operator](catalog-pg-operator.html)

pg\_operator\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

pg\_opfamily, [pg\_opfamily](catalog-pg-opfamily.html)

pg\_opfamily\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

pg\_options\_to\_table, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_overexplain, [pg\_overexplain — allow EXPLAIN to dump even more details](pgoverexplain.html)

pg\_parameter\_acl, [pg\_parameter\_acl](catalog-pg-parameter-acl.html)

pg\_partitioned\_table, [pg\_partitioned\_table](catalog-pg-partitioned-table.html)

pg\_partition\_ancestors, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_partition\_root, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_partition\_tree, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_policies, [pg\_policies](view-pg-policies.html)

pg\_policy, [pg\_policy](catalog-pg-policy.html)

pg\_postmaster\_start\_time, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_prepared\_statements, [pg\_prepared\_statements](view-pg-prepared-statements.html)

pg\_prepared\_xacts, [pg\_prepared\_xacts](view-pg-prepared-xacts.html)

pg\_prewarm, [pg\_prewarm — preload relation data into buffer caches](pgprewarm.html)

pg\_prewarm.autoprewarm configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](pgprewarm.html#PGPREWARM-CONFIG-PARAMS)

pg\_prewarm.autoprewarm\_interval configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](pgprewarm.html#PGPREWARM-CONFIG-PARAMS)

pg\_proc, [pg\_proc](catalog-pg-proc.html)

pg\_promote, [Recovery Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-RECOVERY-CONTROL)

pg\_publication, [pg\_publication](catalog-pg-publication.html)

pg\_publication\_namespace, [pg\_publication\_namespace](catalog-pg-publication-namespace.html)

pg\_publication\_rel, [pg\_publication\_rel](catalog-pg-publication-rel.html)

pg\_publication\_tables, [pg\_publication\_tables](view-pg-publication-tables.html)

pg\_range, [pg\_range](catalog-pg-range.html)

pg\_read\_binary\_file, [Generic File Access Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE)

pg\_read\_file, [Generic File Access Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE)

pg\_receivewal, [pg\_receivewal](app-pgreceivewal.html)

pg\_receivexlog, [pg\_receivexlog renamed to pg\_receivewal](app-pgreceivexlog.html) (see [pg\_receivewal](#ientry-id-1.9.4.17.1))

pg\_recvlogical, [pg\_recvlogical](app-pgrecvlogical.html)

pg\_relation\_filenode, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_relation\_filepath, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_relation\_size, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_reload\_conf, [Server Signaling Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-SIGNAL)

pg\_relpages, [Functions](pgstattuple.html#PGSTATTUPLE-FUNCS)

pg\_replication\_origin, [pg\_replication\_origin](catalog-pg-replication-origin.html)

pg\_replication\_origin\_advance, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_replication\_origin\_create, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_replication\_origin\_drop, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_replication\_origin\_oid, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_replication\_origin\_progress, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_replication\_origin\_session\_is\_setup, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_replication\_origin\_session\_progress, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_replication\_origin\_session\_reset, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_replication\_origin\_session\_setup, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_replication\_origin\_status, [pg\_replication\_origin\_status](view-pg-replication-origin-status.html)

pg\_replication\_origin\_xact\_reset, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_replication\_origin\_xact\_setup, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_replication\_slots, [pg\_replication\_slots](view-pg-replication-slots.html)

pg\_replication\_slot\_advance, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_resetwal, [pg\_resetwal](app-pgresetwal.html)

pg\_resetxlog, [pg\_resetxlog renamed to pg\_resetwal](app-pgresetxlog.html) (see [pg\_resetwal](#ientry-id-1.9.5.9.1))

pg\_restore, [pg\_restore](app-pgrestore.html)

pg\_restore\_attribute\_stats, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_restore\_relation\_stats, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_rewind, [pg\_rewind](app-pgrewind.html)

pg\_rewrite, [pg\_rewrite](catalog-pg-rewrite.html)

pg\_roles, [pg\_roles](view-pg-roles.html)

pg\_rotate\_logfile, [Server Signaling Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-SIGNAL)

pg\_rules, [pg\_rules](view-pg-rules.html)

pg\_safe\_snapshot\_blocking\_pids, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_seclabel, [pg\_seclabel](catalog-pg-seclabel.html)

pg\_seclabels, [pg\_seclabels](view-pg-seclabels.html)

pg\_sequence, [pg\_sequence](catalog-pg-sequence.html)

pg\_sequences, [pg\_sequences](view-pg-sequences.html)

pg\_service.conf, [The Connection Service File](libpq-pgservice.html)

pg\_settings, [pg\_settings](view-pg-settings.html)

pg\_settings\_get\_flags, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_shadow, [pg\_shadow](view-pg-shadow.html)

pg\_shdepend, [pg\_shdepend](catalog-pg-shdepend.html)

pg\_shdescription, [pg\_shdescription](catalog-pg-shdescription.html)

pg\_shmem\_allocations, [pg\_shmem\_allocations](view-pg-shmem-allocations.html)

pg\_shmem\_allocations\_numa, [pg\_shmem\_allocations\_numa](view-pg-shmem-allocations-numa.html)

pg\_shseclabel, [pg\_shseclabel](catalog-pg-shseclabel.html)

pg\_size\_bytes, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_size\_pretty, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_sleep, [Delaying Execution](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-DELAY)

pg\_sleep\_for, [Delaying Execution](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-DELAY)

pg\_sleep\_until, [Delaying Execution](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-DELAY)

pg\_snapshot\_xip, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

pg\_snapshot\_xmax, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

pg\_snapshot\_xmin, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

pg\_split\_walfile\_name, [Backup Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP)

pg\_statio\_all\_indexes, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_statio\_all\_indexes](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STATIO-ALL-INDEXES-VIEW)

pg\_statio\_all\_sequences, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_statio\_all\_sequences](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STATIO-ALL-SEQUENCES-VIEW)

pg\_statio\_all\_tables, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_statio\_all\_tables](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STATIO-ALL-TABLES-VIEW)

pg\_statio\_sys\_indexes, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_statio\_sys\_sequences, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_statio\_sys\_tables, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_statio\_user\_indexes, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_statio\_user\_sequences, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_statio\_user\_tables, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_statistic, [Single-Column Statistics](planner-stats.html#PLANNER-STATS-SINGLE-COLUMN), [pg\_statistic](catalog-pg-statistic.html)

pg\_statistics\_obj\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

pg\_statistic\_ext, [Extended Statistics](planner-stats.html#PLANNER-STATS-EXTENDED), [pg\_statistic\_ext](catalog-pg-statistic-ext.html)

pg\_statistic\_ext\_data, [Extended Statistics](planner-stats.html#PLANNER-STATS-EXTENDED), [pg\_statistic\_ext](catalog-pg-statistic-ext.html)

pg\_stats, [Single-Column Statistics](planner-stats.html#PLANNER-STATS-SINGLE-COLUMN), [pg\_stats](view-pg-stats.html)

pg\_stats\_ext, [pg\_stats\_ext](view-pg-stats-ext.html)

pg\_stats\_ext\_exprs, [pg\_stats\_ext\_exprs](view-pg-stats-ext-exprs.html)

pg\_stat\_activity, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_activity](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-ACTIVITY-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_all\_indexes, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_all\_indexes](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-ALL-INDEXES-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_all\_tables, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_all\_tables](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-ALL-TABLES-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_archiver, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_archiver](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-ARCHIVER-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_bgwriter, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_bgwriter](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-BGWRITER-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_checkpointer, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_checkpointer](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-CHECKPOINTER-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_clear\_snapshot, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_database, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_database](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-DATABASE-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_database\_conflicts, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_database\_conflicts](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-DATABASE-CONFLICTS-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_file, [Generic File Access Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-GENFILE)

pg\_stat\_get\_activity, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_activity, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_activity\_start, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_client\_addr, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_client\_port, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_dbid, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_idset, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_io, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_pid, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_start, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_subxact, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_userid, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_wait\_event, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_wait\_event\_type, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_wal, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_xact\_start, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_snapshot\_timestamp, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_xact\_blocks\_fetched, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_get\_xact\_blocks\_hit, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_gssapi, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_gssapi](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-GSSAPI-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_io, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_io](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-IO-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_progress\_analyze, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [ANALYZE Progress Reporting](progress-reporting.html#ANALYZE-PROGRESS-REPORTING)

pg\_stat\_progress\_basebackup, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [Base Backup Progress Reporting](progress-reporting.html#BASEBACKUP-PROGRESS-REPORTING)

pg\_stat\_progress\_cluster, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [CLUSTER Progress Reporting](progress-reporting.html#CLUSTER-PROGRESS-REPORTING)

pg\_stat\_progress\_copy, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [COPY Progress Reporting](progress-reporting.html#COPY-PROGRESS-REPORTING)

pg\_stat\_progress\_create\_index, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [CREATE INDEX Progress Reporting](progress-reporting.html#CREATE-INDEX-PROGRESS-REPORTING)

pg\_stat\_progress\_vacuum, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [VACUUM Progress Reporting](progress-reporting.html#VACUUM-PROGRESS-REPORTING)

pg\_stat\_recovery\_prefetch, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_recovery\_prefetch](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-RECOVERY-PREFETCH)

pg\_stat\_replication, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_replication](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-REPLICATION-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_replication\_slots, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_replication\_slots](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-REPLICATION-SLOTS-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_reset, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_reset\_backend\_stats, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_reset\_replication\_slot, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_reset\_shared, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_reset\_single\_function\_counters, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_reset\_single\_table\_counters, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_reset\_slru, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_reset\_subscription\_stats, [Statistics Functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-FUNCTIONS)

pg\_stat\_slru, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_slru](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-SLRU-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_ssl, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_ssl](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-SSL-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_statements, [pg\_stat\_statements — track statistics of SQL planning and execution](pgstatstatements.html)

function, [Functions](pgstatstatements.html#PGSTATSTATEMENTS-FUNCS)

pg\_stat\_statements.max configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](pgstatstatements.html#PGSTATSTATEMENTS-CONFIG-PARAMS)

pg\_stat\_statements.save configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](pgstatstatements.html#PGSTATSTATEMENTS-CONFIG-PARAMS)

pg\_stat\_statements.track configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](pgstatstatements.html#PGSTATSTATEMENTS-CONFIG-PARAMS)

pg\_stat\_statements.track\_planning configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](pgstatstatements.html#PGSTATSTATEMENTS-CONFIG-PARAMS)

pg\_stat\_statements.track\_utility configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](pgstatstatements.html#PGSTATSTATEMENTS-CONFIG-PARAMS)

pg\_stat\_statements\_info, [The pg\_stat\_statements\_info View](pgstatstatements.html#PGSTATSTATEMENTS-PG-STAT-STATEMENTS-INFO)

pg\_stat\_statements\_reset, [Functions](pgstatstatements.html#PGSTATSTATEMENTS-FUNCS)

pg\_stat\_subscription, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_subscription](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-SUBSCRIPTION)

pg\_stat\_subscription\_stats, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_subscription\_stats](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-SUBSCRIPTION-STATS)

pg\_stat\_sys\_indexes, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_stat\_sys\_tables, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_stat\_user\_functions, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_user\_functions](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-USER-FUNCTIONS-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_user\_indexes, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_stat\_user\_tables, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_stat\_wal, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_wal](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-WAL-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_wal\_receiver, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS), [pg\_stat\_wal\_receiver](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-WAL-RECEIVER-VIEW)

pg\_stat\_xact\_all\_tables, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_stat\_xact\_sys\_tables, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_stat\_xact\_user\_functions, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_stat\_xact\_user\_tables, [Viewing Statistics](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-STATS-VIEWS)

pg\_subscription, [pg\_subscription](catalog-pg-subscription.html)

pg\_subscription\_rel, [pg\_subscription\_rel](catalog-pg-subscription-rel.html)

pg\_surgery, [pg\_surgery — perform low-level surgery on relation data](pgsurgery.html)

pg\_switch\_wal, [Backup Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP)

pg\_sync\_replication\_slots, [Replication Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-REPLICATION)

pg\_tables, [pg\_tables](view-pg-tables.html)

pg\_tablespace, [pg\_tablespace](catalog-pg-tablespace.html)

pg\_tablespace\_databases, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_tablespace\_location, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_tablespace\_size, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_table\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

pg\_table\_size, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_temp, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

securing functions, [Writing SECURITY DEFINER Functions Safely](sql-createfunction.html#SQL-CREATEFUNCTION-SECURITY)

pg\_terminate\_backend, [Server Signaling Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-SIGNAL)

pg\_test\_fsync, [pg\_test\_fsync](pgtestfsync.html)

pg\_test\_timing, [pg\_test\_timing](pgtesttiming.html)

pg\_timezone\_abbrevs, [pg\_timezone\_abbrevs](view-pg-timezone-abbrevs.html)

pg\_timezone\_names, [pg\_timezone\_names](view-pg-timezone-names.html)

pg\_total\_relation\_size, [Database Object Management Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-DBOBJECT)

pg\_transform, [pg\_transform](catalog-pg-transform.html)

pg\_trgm, [pg\_trgm — support for similarity of text using trigram matching](pgtrgm.html)

pg\_trgm.similarity\_threshold configuration parameter, [GUC Parameters](pgtrgm.html#PGTRGM-GUC)

pg\_trgm.strict\_word\_similarity\_threshold configuration parameter, [GUC Parameters](pgtrgm.html#PGTRGM-GUC)

pg\_trgm.word\_similarity\_threshold configuration parameter, [GUC Parameters](pgtrgm.html#PGTRGM-GUC)

pg\_trigger, [pg\_trigger](catalog-pg-trigger.html)

pg\_trigger\_depth, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

pg\_try\_advisory\_lock, [Advisory Lock Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS)

pg\_try\_advisory\_lock\_shared, [Advisory Lock Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS)

pg\_try\_advisory\_xact\_lock, [Advisory Lock Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS)

pg\_try\_advisory\_xact\_lock\_shared, [Advisory Lock Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADVISORY-LOCKS)

pg\_ts\_config, [pg\_ts\_config](catalog-pg-ts-config.html)

pg\_ts\_config\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

pg\_ts\_config\_map, [pg\_ts\_config\_map](catalog-pg-ts-config-map.html)

pg\_ts\_dict, [pg\_ts\_dict](catalog-pg-ts-dict.html)

pg\_ts\_dict\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

pg\_ts\_parser, [pg\_ts\_parser](catalog-pg-ts-parser.html)

pg\_ts\_parser\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

pg\_ts\_template, [pg\_ts\_template](catalog-pg-ts-template.html)

pg\_ts\_template\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

pg\_type, [pg\_type](catalog-pg-type.html)

pg\_typeof, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

pg\_type\_is\_visible, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

pg\_upgrade, [pg\_upgrade](pgupgrade.html)

pg\_user, [pg\_user](view-pg-user.html)

pg\_user\_mapping, [pg\_user\_mapping](catalog-pg-user-mapping.html)

pg\_user\_mappings, [pg\_user\_mappings](view-pg-user-mappings.html)

pg\_verifybackup, [pg\_verifybackup](app-pgverifybackup.html)

pg\_views, [pg\_views](view-pg-views.html)

pg\_visibility, [pg\_visibility — visibility map information and utilities](pgvisibility.html)

pg\_visible\_in\_snapshot, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

pg\_wait\_events, [pg\_wait\_events](view-pg-wait-events.html)

pg\_waldump, [pg\_waldump](pgwaldump.html)

pg\_walfile\_name, [Backup Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP)

pg\_walfile\_name\_offset, [Backup Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP)

pg\_walinspect, [pg\_walinspect — low-level WAL inspection](pgwalinspect.html)

pg\_walsummary, [pg\_walsummary](app-pgwalsummary.html)

pg\_wal\_lsn\_diff, [Backup Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-BACKUP)

pg\_wal\_replay\_pause, [Recovery Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-RECOVERY-CONTROL)

pg\_wal\_replay\_resume, [Recovery Control Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-RECOVERY-CONTROL)

pg\_wal\_summary\_contents, [WAL Summarization Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-WAL-SUMMARY)

pg\_xact\_commit\_timestamp, [Committed Transaction Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-COMMIT-TIMESTAMP)

pg\_xact\_commit\_timestamp\_origin, [Committed Transaction Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-COMMIT-TIMESTAMP)

pg\_xact\_status, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

pg\_xlogdump, [pg\_xlogdump renamed to pg\_waldump](pgxlogdump.html) (see [pg\_waldump](#ientry-id-1.9.5.14.1))

phantom read, [Transaction Isolation](transaction-iso.html)

phraseto\_tsquery, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Parsing Queries](textsearch-controls.html#TEXTSEARCH-PARSING-QUERIES)

pi, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

PIC, [Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions](xfunc-c.html#DFUNC)

PID

determining PID of server process

in libpq, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

pipelining, [Pipeline Mode](libpq-pipeline-mode.html), [Pipelining](protocol-flow.html#PROTOCOL-FLOW-PIPELINING)

in libpq, [Pipeline Mode](libpq-pipeline-mode.html)

protocol specification, [Pipelining](protocol-flow.html#PROTOCOL-FLOW-PIPELINING)

PITR, [Backup and Restore](backup.html)

PITR standby, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

pkg-config, [Requirements](install-requirements.html)

with ecpg, [Processing Embedded SQL Programs](ecpg-process.html)

with libpq, [Building libpq Programs](libpq-build.html)

PL/Perl, [PL/Perl — Perl Procedural Language](plperl.html)

PL/PerlU, [Trusted and Untrusted PL/Perl](plperl-trusted.html)

PL/pgSQL, [PL/pgSQL — SQL Procedural Language](plpgsql.html)

PL/Python, [PL/Python — Python Procedural Language](plpython.html)

PL/SQL (Oracle), [Porting from Oracle PL/SQL](plpgsql-porting.html)

porting to PL/pgSQL, [Porting from Oracle PL/SQL](plpgsql-porting.html)

PL/Tcl, [PL/Tcl — Tcl Procedural Language](pltcl.html)

plainto\_tsquery, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Parsing Queries](textsearch-controls.html#TEXTSEARCH-PARSING-QUERIES)

plan\_cache\_mode configuration parameter, [Other Planner Options](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-OTHER)

plperl.on\_init configuration parameter, [Configuration](plperl-under-the-hood.html#PLPERL-CONFIG)

plperl.on\_plperlu\_init configuration parameter, [Configuration](plperl-under-the-hood.html#PLPERL-CONFIG)

plperl.on\_plperl\_init configuration parameter, [Configuration](plperl-under-the-hood.html#PLPERL-CONFIG)

plperl.use\_strict configuration parameter, [Configuration](plperl-under-the-hood.html#PLPERL-CONFIG)

plpgsql.check\_asserts configuration parameter, [Checking Assertions](plpgsql-errors-and-messages.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-ASSERT)

plpgsql.variable\_conflict configuration parameter, [Variable Substitution](plpgsql-implementation.html#PLPGSQL-VAR-SUBST)

pltcl.start\_proc configuration parameter, [PL/Tcl Configuration](pltcl-config.html)

pltclu.start\_proc configuration parameter, [PL/Tcl Configuration](pltcl-config.html)

point, [Points](datatype-geometric.html#DATATYPE-GEOMETRIC-POINTS), [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

point-in-time recovery, [Backup and Restore](backup.html)

policy, [Row Security Policies](ddl-rowsecurity.html)

polygon, [Polygons](datatype-geometric.html#DATATYPE-POLYGON), [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

polymorphic function, [Polymorphic Types](extend-type-system.html#EXTEND-TYPES-POLYMORPHIC)

polymorphic type, [Polymorphic Types](extend-type-system.html#EXTEND-TYPES-POLYMORPHIC)

popcount (see [bit\_count](#ientry-id-1.5.8.11.7.2.2.1.1.1.1))

popen, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

populate\_record, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

port, [Parameter Key Words](libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PARAMKEYWORDS)

port configuration parameter, [Connection Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SETTINGS)

portal

DECLARE, [DECLARE](sql-declare.html)

in PL/pgSQL, [Opening Cursors](plpgsql-cursors.html#PLPGSQL-CURSOR-OPENING)

position, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html), [Bit String Functions and Operators](functions-bitstring.html)

POSITION\_REGEX, [Differences from SQL Standard and XQuery](functions-matching.html#POSIX-VS-XQUERY)

POSTGRES, [The Berkeley POSTGRES Project](history.html#HISTORY-BERKELEY)

postgres, [Architectural Fundamentals](tutorial-arch.html), [Starting the Database Server](server-start.html), [Creating a Database](manage-ag-createdb.html), [postgres](app-postgres.html)

postgres user, [The PostgreSQL User Account](postgres-user.html)

Postgres95, [Postgres95](history.html#HISTORY-POSTGRES95)

postgresql.auto.conf, [Parameter Interaction via the Configuration File](config-setting.html#CONFIG-SETTING-CONFIGURATION-FILE)

postgresql.conf, [Parameter Interaction via the Configuration File](config-setting.html#CONFIG-SETTING-CONFIGURATION-FILE)

postgres\_fdw, [postgres\_fdw — access data stored in external PostgreSQL servers](postgres-fdw.html)

postgres\_fdw.application\_name configuration parameter, [Configuration Parameters](postgres-fdw.html#POSTGRES-FDW-CONFIGURATION-PARAMETERS)

post\_auth\_delay configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

power, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

PQAUTHDATA\_OAUTH\_BEARER\_TOKEN, [Hook Types](libpq-oauth.html#LIBPQ-OAUTH-AUTHDATA-HOOKS-TYPES)

PQAUTHDATA\_PROMPT\_OAUTH\_DEVICE, [Hook Types](libpq-oauth.html#LIBPQ-OAUTH-AUTHDATA-HOOKS-TYPES)

PQbackendPID, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQbinaryTuples, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

with COPY, [Functions Associated with the COPY Command](libpq-copy.html)

PQcancel, [Obsolete Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-DEPRECATED)

PQcancelBlocking, [Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-FUNCTIONS)

PQcancelCreate, [Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-FUNCTIONS)

PQcancelErrorMessage, [Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-FUNCTIONS)

PQcancelFinish, [Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-FUNCTIONS)

PQcancelPoll, [Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-FUNCTIONS)

PQcancelReset, [Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-FUNCTIONS)

PQcancelSocket, [Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-FUNCTIONS)

PQcancelStart, [Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-FUNCTIONS)

PQcancelStatus, [Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-FUNCTIONS)

PQchangePassword, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQclear, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQclientEncoding, [Control Functions](libpq-control.html)

PQclosePortal, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQclosePrepared, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQcmdStatus, [Retrieving Other Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-NONSELECT)

PQcmdTuples, [Retrieving Other Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-NONSELECT)

PQconndefaults, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQconnectdb, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQconnectdbParams, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQconnectionNeedsPassword, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQconnectionUsedGSSAPI, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQconnectionUsedPassword, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQconnectPoll, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQconnectStart, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQconnectStartParams, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQconninfo, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQconninfoFree, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQconninfoParse, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQconsumeInput, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQcopyResult, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQdb, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQdescribePortal, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQdescribePrepared, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQencryptPassword, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQencryptPasswordConn, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQendcopy, [Obsolete Functions for COPY](libpq-copy.html#LIBPQ-COPY-DEPRECATED)

PQenterPipelineMode, [Functions Associated with Pipeline Mode](libpq-pipeline-mode.html#LIBPQ-PIPELINE-FUNCTIONS)

PQerrorMessage, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQescapeBytea, [Escaping Strings for Inclusion in SQL Commands](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-ESCAPE-STRING)

PQescapeByteaConn, [Escaping Strings for Inclusion in SQL Commands](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-ESCAPE-STRING)

PQescapeIdentifier, [Escaping Strings for Inclusion in SQL Commands](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-ESCAPE-STRING)

PQescapeLiteral, [Escaping Strings for Inclusion in SQL Commands](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-ESCAPE-STRING)

PQescapeString, [Escaping Strings for Inclusion in SQL Commands](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-ESCAPE-STRING)

PQescapeStringConn, [Escaping Strings for Inclusion in SQL Commands](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-ESCAPE-STRING)

PQexec, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQexecParams, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQexecPrepared, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQexitPipelineMode, [Functions Associated with Pipeline Mode](libpq-pipeline-mode.html#LIBPQ-PIPELINE-FUNCTIONS)

PQfformat, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

with COPY, [Functions Associated with the COPY Command](libpq-copy.html)

PQfinish, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQfireResultCreateEvents, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQflush, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQfmod, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQfn, [The Fast-Path Interface](libpq-fastpath.html)

PQfname, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQfnumber, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQfreeCancel, [Obsolete Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-DEPRECATED)

PQfreemem, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQfsize, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQftable, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQftablecol, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQftype, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQfullProtocolVersion, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQgetAuthDataHook, [Authdata Hooks](libpq-oauth.html#LIBPQ-OAUTH-AUTHDATA-HOOKS)

PQgetCancel, [Obsolete Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-DEPRECATED)

PQgetCopyData, [Functions for Receiving COPY Data](libpq-copy.html#LIBPQ-COPY-RECEIVE)

PQgetCurrentTimeUSec, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQgetisnull, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQgetlength, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQgetline, [Obsolete Functions for COPY](libpq-copy.html#LIBPQ-COPY-DEPRECATED)

PQgetlineAsync, [Obsolete Functions for COPY](libpq-copy.html#LIBPQ-COPY-DEPRECATED)

PQgetResult, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQgetssl, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQgetSSLKeyPassHook\_OpenSSL, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQgetvalue, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQhost, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQhostaddr, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQinitOpenSSL, [SSL Library Initialization](libpq-ssl.html#LIBPQ-SSL-INITIALIZE)

PQinitSSL, [SSL Library Initialization](libpq-ssl.html#LIBPQ-SSL-INITIALIZE)

PQinstanceData, [Event Support Functions](libpq-events.html#LIBPQ-EVENTS-FUNCS)

PQisBusy, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQisnonblocking, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQisthreadsafe, [Behavior in Threaded Programs](libpq-threading.html)

PQlibVersion, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

(see also [PQserverVersion](#ientry-id-1.7.3.9.5.2.6.1.2))

PQmakeEmptyPGresult, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQnfields, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

with COPY, [Functions Associated with the COPY Command](libpq-copy.html)

PQnotifies, [Asynchronous Notification](libpq-notify.html)

PQnparams, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQntuples, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQoidStatus, [Retrieving Other Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-NONSELECT)

PQoidValue, [Retrieving Other Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-NONSELECT)

PQoptions, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQparameterStatus, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQparamtype, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQpass, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQping, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQpingParams, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQpipelineStatus, [Functions Associated with Pipeline Mode](libpq-pipeline-mode.html#LIBPQ-PIPELINE-FUNCTIONS)

PQpipelineSync, [Functions Associated with Pipeline Mode](libpq-pipeline-mode.html#LIBPQ-PIPELINE-FUNCTIONS)

PQport, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQprepare, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQprint, [Retrieving Query Result Information](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-SELECT-INFO)

PQprotocolVersion, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQputCopyData, [Functions for Sending COPY Data](libpq-copy.html#LIBPQ-COPY-SEND)

PQputCopyEnd, [Functions for Sending COPY Data](libpq-copy.html#LIBPQ-COPY-SEND)

PQputline, [Obsolete Functions for COPY](libpq-copy.html#LIBPQ-COPY-DEPRECATED)

PQputnbytes, [Obsolete Functions for COPY](libpq-copy.html#LIBPQ-COPY-DEPRECATED)

PQregisterEventProc, [Event Support Functions](libpq-events.html#LIBPQ-EVENTS-FUNCS)

PQrequestCancel, [Obsolete Functions for Sending Cancel Requests](libpq-cancel.html#LIBPQ-CANCEL-DEPRECATED)

PQreset, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQresetPoll, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQresetStart, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQresStatus, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQresultAlloc, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQresultErrorField, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQresultErrorMessage, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQresultInstanceData, [Event Support Functions](libpq-events.html#LIBPQ-EVENTS-FUNCS)

PQresultMemorySize, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQresultSetInstanceData, [Event Support Functions](libpq-events.html#LIBPQ-EVENTS-FUNCS)

PQresultStatus, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQresultVerboseErrorMessage, [Main Functions](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-MAIN)

PQsendClosePortal, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQsendClosePrepared, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQsendDescribePortal, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQsendDescribePrepared, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQsendFlushRequest, [Functions Associated with Pipeline Mode](libpq-pipeline-mode.html#LIBPQ-PIPELINE-FUNCTIONS)

PQsendPipelineSync, [Functions Associated with Pipeline Mode](libpq-pipeline-mode.html#LIBPQ-PIPELINE-FUNCTIONS)

PQsendPrepare, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQsendQuery, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQsendQueryParams, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQsendQueryPrepared, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQserverVersion, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQsetAuthDataHook, [Authdata Hooks](libpq-oauth.html#LIBPQ-OAUTH-AUTHDATA-HOOKS)

PQsetChunkedRowsMode, [Retrieving Query Results in Chunks](libpq-single-row-mode.html)

PQsetClientEncoding, [Control Functions](libpq-control.html)

PQsetdb, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQsetdbLogin, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQsetErrorContextVisibility, [Control Functions](libpq-control.html)

PQsetErrorVerbosity, [Control Functions](libpq-control.html)

PQsetInstanceData, [Event Support Functions](libpq-events.html#LIBPQ-EVENTS-FUNCS)

PQsetnonblocking, [Asynchronous Command Processing](libpq-async.html)

PQsetNoticeProcessor, [Notice Processing](libpq-notice-processing.html)

PQsetNoticeReceiver, [Notice Processing](libpq-notice-processing.html)

PQsetResultAttrs, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQsetSingleRowMode, [Retrieving Query Results in Chunks](libpq-single-row-mode.html)

PQsetSSLKeyPassHook\_OpenSSL, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQsetTraceFlags, [Control Functions](libpq-control.html)

PQsetvalue, [Miscellaneous Functions](libpq-misc.html)

PQsocket, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQsocketPoll, [Database Connection Control Functions](libpq-connect.html)

PQsslAttribute, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQsslAttributeNames, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQsslInUse, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQsslStruct, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQstatus, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQtrace, [Control Functions](libpq-control.html)

PQtransactionStatus, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQtty, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

PQunescapeBytea, [Escaping Strings for Inclusion in SQL Commands](libpq-exec.html#LIBPQ-EXEC-ESCAPE-STRING)

PQuntrace, [Control Functions](libpq-control.html)

PQuser, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

predicate locking, [Serializable Isolation Level](transaction-iso.html#XACT-SERIALIZABLE)

PREPARE, [PREPARE](sql-prepare.html)

PREPARE TRANSACTION, [PREPARE TRANSACTION](sql-prepare-transaction.html)

prepared statements, [DEALLOCATE](sql-deallocate.html), [EXECUTE](sql-execute.html), [EXPLAIN](sql-explain.html), [PREPARE](sql-prepare.html)

creating, [PREPARE](sql-prepare.html)

executing, [EXECUTE](sql-execute.html)

removing, [DEALLOCATE](sql-deallocate.html)

showing the query plan, [EXPLAIN](sql-explain.html)

preparing a query

in PL/pgSQL, [Plan Caching](plpgsql-implementation.html#PLPGSQL-PLAN-CACHING)

in PL/Python, [Database Access Functions](plpython-database.html#PLPYTHON-DATABASE-ACCESS-FUNCS)

in PL/Tcl, [Database Access from PL/Tcl](pltcl-dbaccess.html)

pre\_auth\_delay configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

primary key, [Primary Keys](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-PRIMARY-KEYS)

primary\_conninfo configuration parameter, [Standby Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-STANDBY)

primary\_slot\_name configuration parameter, [Standby Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-STANDBY)

privilege, [Privileges](ddl-priv.html), [Privileges](ddl-priv.html#DDL-PRIV-DEFAULT), [Schemas and Privileges](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PRIV), [Rules and Privileges](rules-privileges.html), [Rules and Privileges](rules-privileges.html)

default, [Privileges](ddl-priv.html#DDL-PRIV-DEFAULT)

querying, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

with rules, [Rules and Privileges](rules-privileges.html)

for schemas, [Schemas and Privileges](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PRIV)

with views, [Rules and Privileges](rules-privileges.html)

procedural language, [Procedural Languages](xplang.html), [Writing a Procedural Language Handler](plhandler.html)

externally maintained, [Procedural Languages](external-pl.html)

handler for, [Writing a Procedural Language Handler](plhandler.html)

procedure, [User-Defined Procedures](xproc.html)

user-defined, [User-Defined Procedures](xproc.html)

procedures

output parameter, [SQL Procedures with Output Parameters](xfunc-sql.html#XFUNC-OUTPUT-PARAMETERS-PROC)

protocol, [Frontend/Backend Protocol](protocol.html)

frontend-backend, [Frontend/Backend Protocol](protocol.html)

ps, [Standard Unix Tools](monitoring-ps.html)

to monitor activity, [Standard Unix Tools](monitoring-ps.html)

psql, [Accessing a Database](tutorial-accessdb.html), [psql](app-psql.html)

Python, [PL/Python — Python Procedural Language](plpython.html)

### Q

qualified name, [Creating a Schema](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-CREATE)

query, [Querying a Table](tutorial-select.html), [Queries](queries.html)

query cancellation, [Canceling Queries in Progress](libpq-cancel.html)

query plan, [Using EXPLAIN](using-explain.html)

query tree, [The Query Tree](querytree.html)

querytree, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Manipulating Queries](textsearch-features.html#TEXTSEARCH-MANIPULATE-TSQUERY)

quotation marks

and identifiers, [Identifiers and Key Words](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS)

escaping, [String Constants](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-STRINGS)

quote\_all\_identifiers configuration parameter, [Previous PostgreSQL Versions](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-VERSION)

quote\_ident, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

in PL/Perl, [Utility Functions in PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-UTILITY-FUNCTIONS)

use in PL/pgSQL, [Executing Dynamic Commands](plpgsql-statements.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-EXECUTING-DYN)

quote\_literal, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

in PL/Perl, [Utility Functions in PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-UTILITY-FUNCTIONS)

use in PL/pgSQL, [Executing Dynamic Commands](plpgsql-statements.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-EXECUTING-DYN)

quote\_nullable, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

in PL/Perl, [Utility Functions in PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-UTILITY-FUNCTIONS)

use in PL/pgSQL, [Executing Dynamic Commands](plpgsql-statements.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-EXECUTING-DYN)

### R

radians, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

radius, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

RADIUS, [RADIUS Authentication](auth-radius.html)

RAISE

in PL/pgSQL, [Reporting Errors and Messages](plpgsql-errors-and-messages.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-RAISE)

random, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

random\_normal, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

random\_page\_cost configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

range table, [The Query Tree](querytree.html)

range type, [Range Types](rangetypes.html)

exclude, [Constraints on Ranges](rangetypes.html#RANGETYPES-CONSTRAINT)

indexes on, [Indexing](rangetypes.html#RANGETYPES-INDEXING)

range\_agg, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

range\_intersect\_agg, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

range\_merge, [Range/Multirange Functions and Operators](functions-range.html)

rank, [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

hypothetical, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

read committed, [Read Committed Isolation Level](transaction-iso.html#XACT-READ-COMMITTED)

read-only transaction, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

setting, [SET TRANSACTION](sql-set-transaction.html)

setting default, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

readline, [Requirements](install-requirements.html)

Readline

in psql, [Command-Line Editing](app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-READLINE)

READ\_REPLICATION\_SLOT, [Streaming Replication Protocol](protocol-replication.html)

real, [Floating-Point Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-FLOAT)

REASSIGN OWNED, [REASSIGN OWNED](sql-reassign-owned.html)

record, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

recovery.conf, [recovery.conf file merged into postgresql.conf](recovery-config.html)

recovery.signal, [Archive Recovery](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-ARCHIVE-RECOVERY)

recovery\_end\_command configuration parameter, [Archive Recovery](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-ARCHIVE-RECOVERY)

recovery\_init\_sync\_method configuration parameter, [Error Handling](runtime-config-error-handling.html)

recovery\_min\_apply\_delay configuration parameter, [Standby Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-STANDBY)

recovery\_prefetch configuration parameter, [Recovery](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-RECOVERY)

recovery\_target configuration parameter, [Recovery Target](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-RECOVERY-TARGET)

recovery\_target\_action configuration parameter, [Recovery Target](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-RECOVERY-TARGET)

recovery\_target\_inclusive configuration parameter, [Recovery Target](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-RECOVERY-TARGET)

recovery\_target\_lsn configuration parameter, [Recovery Target](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-RECOVERY-TARGET)

recovery\_target\_name configuration parameter, [Recovery Target](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-RECOVERY-TARGET)

recovery\_target\_time configuration parameter, [Recovery Target](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-RECOVERY-TARGET)

recovery\_target\_timeline configuration parameter, [Recovery Target](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-RECOVERY-TARGET)

recovery\_target\_xid configuration parameter, [Recovery Target](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-RECOVERY-TARGET)

rectangle, [Boxes](datatype-geometric.html#DATATYPE-GEOMETRIC-BOXES)

RECURSIVE, [CREATE VIEW](sql-createview.html)

in common table expressions, [Recursive Queries](queries-with.html#QUERIES-WITH-RECURSIVE)

in views, [CREATE VIEW](sql-createview.html)

recursive\_worktable\_factor configuration parameter, [Other Planner Options](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-OTHER)

referential integrity, [Foreign Keys](tutorial-fk.html), [Foreign Keys](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-FK)

REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW, [REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW](sql-refreshmaterializedview.html)

regclass, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

regcollation, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

regconfig, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

regdictionary, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

regexp\_count, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [POSIX Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-POSIX-REGEXP)

regexp\_instr, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [POSIX Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-POSIX-REGEXP)

regexp\_like, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [POSIX Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-POSIX-REGEXP)

regexp\_match, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [POSIX Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-POSIX-REGEXP)

regexp\_matches, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [POSIX Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-POSIX-REGEXP)

regexp\_replace, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [POSIX Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-POSIX-REGEXP)

regexp\_split\_to\_array, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [POSIX Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-POSIX-REGEXP)

regexp\_split\_to\_table, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [POSIX Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-POSIX-REGEXP)

regexp\_substr, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [POSIX Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-POSIX-REGEXP)

regnamespace, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

regoper, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

regoperator, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

regproc, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

regprocedure, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

regression intercept, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

regression slope, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

regression test, [Installation Procedure](install-make.html#INSTALL-PROCEDURE-MAKE), [Installation Procedure](install-meson.html#INSTALL-PROCEDURE-MESON)

regression tests, [Regression Tests](regress.html)

regrole, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

regr\_avgx, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

regr\_avgy, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

regr\_count, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

regr\_intercept, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

regr\_r2, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

regr\_slope, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

regr\_sxx, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

regr\_sxy, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

regr\_syy, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

regtype, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

regular expression, [SIMILAR TO Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-SIMILARTO-REGEXP), [POSIX Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-POSIX-REGEXP)

(see also [pattern matching](#ientry-id-1.5.8.13.2))

regular expressions

and locales, [Behavior](locale.html#LOCALE-BEHAVIOR)

reindex, [Routine Reindexing](routine-reindex.html)

REINDEX, [REINDEX](sql-reindex.html)

reindexdb, [reindexdb](app-reindexdb.html)

relation, [Concepts](tutorial-concepts.html)

relational database, [Concepts](tutorial-concepts.html)

RELEASE SAVEPOINT, [RELEASE SAVEPOINT](sql-release-savepoint.html)

remove\_temp\_files\_after\_crash configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

repeat, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

repeatable read, [Repeatable Read Isolation Level](transaction-iso.html#XACT-REPEATABLE-READ)

replace, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

replication, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

Replication Origins, [Replication Progress Tracking](replication-origins.html)

Replication Progress Tracking, [Replication Progress Tracking](replication-origins.html)

replication slot

logical replication, [Replication Slots](logicaldecoding-explanation.html#LOGICALDECODING-REPLICATION-SLOTS)

streaming replication, [Replication Slots](warm-standby.html#STREAMING-REPLICATION-SLOTS)

reporting errors

in PL/pgSQL, [Reporting Errors and Messages](plpgsql-errors-and-messages.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-RAISE)

reserved\_connections configuration parameter, [Connection Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SETTINGS)

RESET, [RESET](sql-reset.html)

restartpoint, [WAL Configuration](wal-configuration.html)

restart\_after\_crash configuration parameter, [Error Handling](runtime-config-error-handling.html)

restore\_command configuration parameter, [Archive Recovery](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-ARCHIVE-RECOVERY)

RESTRICT, [Dependency Tracking](ddl-depend.html)

with DROP, [Dependency Tracking](ddl-depend.html)

foreign key action, [Foreign Keys](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-FK)

restrict\_nonsystem\_relation\_kind

configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

retryable error, [Serialization Failure Handling](mvcc-serialization-failure-handling.html)

RETURN NEXT

in PL/pgSQL, [RETURN NEXT and RETURN QUERY](plpgsql-control-structures.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-RETURNING-RETURN-NEXT)

RETURN QUERY

in PL/pgSQL, [RETURN NEXT and RETURN QUERY](plpgsql-control-structures.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-RETURNING-RETURN-NEXT)

RETURNING, [Returning Data from Modified Rows](dml-returning.html)

RETURNING INTO, [Executing a Command with a Single-Row Result](plpgsql-statements.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-SQL-ONEROW)

in PL/pgSQL, [Executing a Command with a Single-Row Result](plpgsql-statements.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-SQL-ONEROW)

reverse, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

REVOKE, [Privileges](ddl-priv.html), [REVOKE](sql-revoke.html)

right, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

right join, [Joined Tables](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-JOIN)

role, [Database Roles](database-roles.html), [Role Membership](role-membership.html), [Predefined Roles](predefined-roles.html)

applicable, [applicable\_roles](infoschema-applicable-roles.html)

enabled, [enabled\_roles](infoschema-enabled-roles.html)

membership in, [Role Membership](role-membership.html)

privilege to bypass, [Role Attributes](role-attributes.html)

privilege to create, [Role Attributes](role-attributes.html)

privilege to inherit, [Role Attributes](role-attributes.html)

privilege to initiate replication, [Role Attributes](role-attributes.html)

privilege to limit connection, [Role Attributes](role-attributes.html)

ROLLBACK, [ROLLBACK](sql-rollback.html)

rollback

psql, [Variables](app-psql.html#APP-PSQL-VARIABLES)

ROLLBACK PREPARED, [ROLLBACK PREPARED](sql-rollback-prepared.html)

ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT, [ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT](sql-rollback-to.html)

ROLLUP, [GROUPING SETS, CUBE, and ROLLUP](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-GROUPING-SETS)

round, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

routine, [User-Defined Procedures](xproc.html)

routine maintenance, [Routine Database Maintenance Tasks](maintenance.html)

row, [Concepts](tutorial-concepts.html), [Table Basics](ddl-basics.html)

ROW, [Row Constructors](sql-expressions.html#SQL-SYNTAX-ROW-CONSTRUCTORS)

row estimation, [Row Estimation Examples](row-estimation-examples.html)

multivariate, [Multivariate Statistics Examples](multivariate-statistics-examples.html)

planner, [Row Estimation Examples](row-estimation-examples.html)

row type, [Composite Types](rowtypes.html)

constructor, [Row Constructors](sql-expressions.html#SQL-SYNTAX-ROW-CONSTRUCTORS)

row-level security, [Row Security Policies](ddl-rowsecurity.html)

row-wise comparison, [Row and Array Comparisons](functions-comparisons.html)

row\_number, [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

row\_security configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

row\_security\_active, [Access Privilege Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-ACCESS)

row\_to\_json, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

rpad, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

rtrim, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

rule, [The Rule System](rules.html), [Views and the Rule System](rules-views.html), [How SELECT Rules Work](rules-views.html#RULES-SELECT), [Materialized Views](rules-materializedviews.html), [Rules on INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE](rules-update.html), [Rules on INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE](rules-update.html), [Rules on INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE](rules-update.html), [Rules Versus Triggers](rules-triggers.html)

and materialized views, [Materialized Views](rules-materializedviews.html)

and views, [Views and the Rule System](rules-views.html)

for DELETE, [Rules on INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE](rules-update.html)

for INSERT, [Rules on INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE](rules-update.html)

for SELECT, [How SELECT Rules Work](rules-views.html#RULES-SELECT)

compared with triggers, [Rules Versus Triggers](rules-triggers.html)

for UPDATE, [Rules on INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE](rules-update.html)

### S

SAVEPOINT, [SAVEPOINT](sql-savepoint.html)

savepoints, [RELEASE SAVEPOINT](sql-release-savepoint.html), [ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT](sql-rollback-to.html), [SAVEPOINT](sql-savepoint.html)

defining, [SAVEPOINT](sql-savepoint.html)

releasing, [RELEASE SAVEPOINT](sql-release-savepoint.html)

rolling back, [ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT](sql-rollback-to.html)

scalar (see [expression](#ientry-id-1.5.3.6.2))

scale, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

schema, [Schemas](ddl-schemas.html), [Creating a Schema](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-CREATE), [The Public Schema](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PUBLIC), [Overview](manage-ag-overview.html)

creating, [Creating a Schema](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-CREATE)

current, [The Schema Search Path](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PATH), [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

public, [The Public Schema](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PUBLIC)

removing, [Creating a Schema](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-CREATE)

SCRAM, [Password Authentication](auth-password.html)

scram\_iterations configuration parameter, [Authentication](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-AUTHENTICATION)

search path, [The Schema Search Path](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PATH)

current, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

object visibility, [Schema Visibility Inquiry Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SCHEMA)

search\_path configuration parameter, [The Schema Search Path](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PATH), [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

use in securing functions, [Writing SECURITY DEFINER Functions Safely](sql-createfunction.html#SQL-CREATEFUNCTION-SECURITY)

SECURITY LABEL, [SECURITY LABEL](sql-security-label.html)

sec\_to\_gc, [Cube-Based Earth Distances](earthdistance.html#EARTHDISTANCE-CUBE-BASED)

seg, [seg — a datatype for line segments or floating point intervals](seg.html)

segment\_size configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

SELECT, [Querying a Table](tutorial-select.html), [Queries](queries.html), [SELECT Output Columns](typeconv-select.html), [SELECT](sql-select.html)

determination of result type, [SELECT Output Columns](typeconv-select.html)

select list, [Select Lists](queries-select-lists.html)

SELECT INTO, [Executing a Command with a Single-Row Result](plpgsql-statements.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-SQL-ONEROW), [SELECT INTO](sql-selectinto.html)

in PL/pgSQL, [Executing a Command with a Single-Row Result](plpgsql-statements.html#PLPGSQL-STATEMENTS-SQL-ONEROW)

semaphores, [Shared Memory and Semaphores](kernel-resources.html#SYSVIPC)

send\_abort\_for\_crash configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

send\_abort\_for\_kill configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

sepgsql, [sepgsql — SELinux-, label-based mandatory access control (MAC) security module](sepgsql.html)

sepgsql.debug\_audit configuration parameter, [GUC Parameters](sepgsql.html#SEPGSQL-PARAMETERS)

sepgsql.permissive configuration parameter, [GUC Parameters](sepgsql.html#SEPGSQL-PARAMETERS)

sequence, [Sequence Manipulation Functions](functions-sequence.html)

and serial type, [Serial Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-SERIAL)

sequential scan, [Planner Method Configuration](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-ENABLE)

seq\_page\_cost configuration parameter, [Planner Cost Constants](runtime-config-query.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-QUERY-CONSTANTS)

serial, [Serial Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-SERIAL)

serial2, [Serial Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-SERIAL)

serial4, [Serial Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-SERIAL)

serial8, [Serial Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-SERIAL)

serializable, [Serializable Isolation Level](transaction-iso.html#XACT-SERIALIZABLE)

Serializable Snapshot Isolation, [Introduction](mvcc-intro.html)

serializable\_buffers configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

serialization anomaly, [Transaction Isolation](transaction-iso.html), [Serializable Isolation Level](transaction-iso.html#XACT-SERIALIZABLE)

serialization failure, [Serialization Failure Handling](mvcc-serialization-failure-handling.html)

server log, [Error Reporting and Logging](runtime-config-logging.html), [Log File Maintenance](logfile-maintenance.html)

log file maintenance, [Log File Maintenance](logfile-maintenance.html)

Server Name Indication, [Parameter Key Words](libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PARAMKEYWORDS)

server spoofing, [Preventing Server Spoofing](preventing-server-spoofing.html)

server\_encoding configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

server\_version configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

server\_version\_num configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

session\_preload\_libraries configuration parameter, [Shared Library Preloading](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-PRELOAD)

session\_replication\_role configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

session\_user, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

SET, [Configuration Settings Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-SET), [SET](sql-set.html)

SET CONSTRAINTS, [SET CONSTRAINTS](sql-set-constraints.html)

set difference, [Combining Queries (UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT)](queries-union.html)

set intersection, [Combining Queries (UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT)](queries-union.html)

set operation, [Combining Queries (UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT)](queries-union.html)

set returning functions, [Set Returning Functions](functions-srf.html)

functions, [Set Returning Functions](functions-srf.html)

SET ROLE, [SET ROLE](sql-set-role.html)

SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION, [SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION](sql-set-session-authorization.html)

SET TRANSACTION, [SET TRANSACTION](sql-set-transaction.html)

set union, [Combining Queries (UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT)](queries-union.html)

SET XML OPTION, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

setseed, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

setval, [Sequence Manipulation Functions](functions-sequence.html)

setweight, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Manipulating Documents](textsearch-features.html#TEXTSEARCH-MANIPULATE-TSVECTOR)

setweight for specific lexeme(s), [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html)

set\_bit, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html), [Bit String Functions and Operators](functions-bitstring.html)

set\_byte, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

set\_config, [Configuration Settings Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-SET)

set\_limit, [Functions and Operators](pgtrgm.html#PGTRGM-FUNCS-OPS)

set\_masklen, [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

sha224, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

sha256, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

sha384, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

sha512, [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

shared library, [Shared Libraries](install-post.html#INSTALL-POST-SHLIBS), [Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions](xfunc-c.html#DFUNC)

shared memory, [Shared Memory and Semaphores](kernel-resources.html#SYSVIPC)

shared\_buffers configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

shared\_memory\_size configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

shared\_memory\_size\_in\_huge\_pages configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

shared\_memory\_type configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

shared\_preload\_libraries, [Requesting Shared Memory at Startup](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-SHARED-ADDIN-AT-STARTUP), [Requesting LWLocks at Startup](xfunc-c.html#XFUNC-ADDIN-LWLOCKS-AT-STARTUP)

shared\_preload\_libraries configuration parameter, [Shared Library Preloading](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-PRELOAD)

shobj\_description, [Comment Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-COMMENT)

SHOW, [Configuration Settings Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-SET), [SHOW](sql-show.html), [Streaming Replication Protocol](protocol-replication.html)

show\_limit, [Functions and Operators](pgtrgm.html#PGTRGM-FUNCS-OPS)

show\_trgm, [Functions and Operators](pgtrgm.html#PGTRGM-FUNCS-OPS)

shutdown, [Shutting Down the Server](server-shutdown.html)

SIGHUP, [Parameter Interaction via the Configuration File](config-setting.html#CONFIG-SETTING-CONFIGURATION-FILE), [The pg\_hba.conf File](auth-pg-hba-conf.html), [User Name Maps](auth-username-maps.html)

SIGINT, [Shutting Down the Server](server-shutdown.html)

sign, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

signal

backend processes, [Server Signaling Functions](functions-admin.html#FUNCTIONS-ADMIN-SIGNAL)

significant digits, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

SIGQUIT, [Shutting Down the Server](server-shutdown.html)

SIGTERM, [Shutting Down the Server](server-shutdown.html)

SIMILAR TO, [SIMILAR TO Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-SIMILARTO-REGEXP)

similarity, [Functions and Operators](pgtrgm.html#PGTRGM-FUNCS-OPS)

sin, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

sind, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

single-user mode, [Options for Single-User Mode](app-postgres.html#id-1.9.5.16.6.5)

sinh, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

skeys, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

sleep, [Delaying Execution](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-DELAY)

slice, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

sliced bread (see [TOAST](#ientry-id-1.7.4.6.2))

slope, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

SLRU, [pg\_stat\_slru](monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-SLRU-VIEW)

smallint, [Integer Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-INT)

smallserial, [Serial Types](datatype-numeric.html#DATATYPE-SERIAL)

Solaris, [Solaris](installation-platform-notes.html#INSTALLATION-NOTES-SOLARIS)

installation on, [Solaris](installation-platform-notes.html#INSTALLATION-NOTES-SOLARIS)

shared library, [Compiling and Linking Dynamically-Loaded Functions](xfunc-c.html#DFUNC)

start script, [Starting the Database Server](server-start.html)

SOME, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html), [Subquery Expressions](functions-subquery.html), [Row and Array Comparisons](functions-comparisons.html)

sort, [intarray Functions and Operators](intarray.html#INTARRAY-FUNCS-OPS)

sorting, [Sorting Rows (ORDER BY)](queries-order.html)

sort\_asc, [intarray Functions and Operators](intarray.html#INTARRAY-FUNCS-OPS)

sort\_desc, [intarray Functions and Operators](intarray.html#INTARRAY-FUNCS-OPS)

soundex, [Soundex](fuzzystrmatch.html#FUZZYSTRMATCH-SOUNDEX)

SP-GiST (see [index](#ientry-id-1.5.10.2))

SPI, [Server Programming Interface](spi.html), [spi — Server Programming Interface features/examples](contrib-spi.html)

examples, [spi — Server Programming Interface features/examples](contrib-spi.html)

spi\_commit

in PL/Perl, [Database Access from PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-DATABASE)

SPI\_commit, [SPI\_commit](spi-spi-commit.html)

SPI\_commit\_and\_chain, [SPI\_commit](spi-spi-commit.html)

SPI\_connect, [SPI\_connect](spi-spi-connect.html)

SPI\_connect\_ext, [SPI\_connect](spi-spi-connect.html)

SPI\_copytuple, [SPI\_copytuple](spi-spi-copytuple.html)

spi\_cursor\_close

in PL/Perl, [Database Access from PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-DATABASE)

SPI\_cursor\_close, [SPI\_cursor\_close](spi-spi-cursor-close.html)

SPI\_cursor\_fetch, [SPI\_cursor\_fetch](spi-spi-cursor-fetch.html)

SPI\_cursor\_find, [SPI\_cursor\_find](spi-spi-cursor-find.html)

SPI\_cursor\_move, [SPI\_cursor\_move](spi-spi-cursor-move.html)

SPI\_cursor\_open, [SPI\_cursor\_open](spi-spi-cursor-open.html)

SPI\_cursor\_open\_with\_args, [SPI\_cursor\_open\_with\_args](spi-spi-cursor-open-with-args.html)

SPI\_cursor\_open\_with\_paramlist, [SPI\_cursor\_open\_with\_paramlist](spi-spi-cursor-open-with-paramlist.html)

SPI\_cursor\_parse\_open, [SPI\_cursor\_parse\_open](spi-spi-cursor-parse-open.html)

SPI\_exec, [SPI\_exec](spi-spi-exec.html)

SPI\_execp, [SPI\_execp](spi-spi-execp.html)

SPI\_execute, [SPI\_execute](spi-spi-execute.html)

SPI\_execute\_extended, [SPI\_execute\_extended](spi-spi-execute-extended.html)

SPI\_execute\_plan, [SPI\_execute\_plan](spi-spi-execute-plan.html)

SPI\_execute\_plan\_extended, [SPI\_execute\_plan\_extended](spi-spi-execute-plan-extended.html)

SPI\_execute\_plan\_with\_paramlist, [SPI\_execute\_plan\_with\_paramlist](spi-spi-execute-plan-with-paramlist.html)

SPI\_execute\_with\_args, [SPI\_execute\_with\_args](spi-spi-execute-with-args.html)

spi\_exec\_prepared

in PL/Perl, [Database Access from PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-DATABASE)

spi\_exec\_query

in PL/Perl, [Database Access from PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-DATABASE)

spi\_fetchrow

in PL/Perl, [Database Access from PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-DATABASE)

SPI\_finish, [SPI\_finish](spi-spi-finish.html)

SPI\_fname, [SPI\_fname](spi-spi-fname.html)

SPI\_fnumber, [SPI\_fnumber](spi-spi-fnumber.html)

spi\_freeplan

in PL/Perl, [Database Access from PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-DATABASE)

SPI\_freeplan, [SPI\_freeplan](spi-spi-freeplan.html)

SPI\_freetuple, [SPI\_freetuple](spi-spi-freetuple.html)

SPI\_freetuptable, [SPI\_freetuptable](spi-spi-freetupletable.html)

SPI\_getargcount, [SPI\_getargcount](spi-spi-getargcount.html)

SPI\_getargtypeid, [SPI\_getargtypeid](spi-spi-getargtypeid.html)

SPI\_getbinval, [SPI\_getbinval](spi-spi-getbinval.html)

SPI\_getnspname, [SPI\_getnspname](spi-spi-getnspname.html)

SPI\_getrelname, [SPI\_getrelname](spi-spi-getrelname.html)

SPI\_gettype, [SPI\_gettype](spi-spi-gettype.html)

SPI\_gettypeid, [SPI\_gettypeid](spi-spi-gettypeid.html)

SPI\_getvalue, [SPI\_getvalue](spi-spi-getvalue.html)

SPI\_is\_cursor\_plan, [SPI\_is\_cursor\_plan](spi-spi-is-cursor-plan.html)

SPI\_keepplan, [SPI\_keepplan](spi-spi-keepplan.html)

SPI\_modifytuple, [SPI\_modifytuple](spi-spi-modifytuple.html)

SPI\_palloc, [SPI\_palloc](spi-spi-palloc.html)

SPI\_pfree, [SPI\_pfree](spi-spi-pfree.html)

spi\_prepare

in PL/Perl, [Database Access from PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-DATABASE)

SPI\_prepare, [SPI\_prepare](spi-spi-prepare.html)

SPI\_prepare\_cursor, [SPI\_prepare\_cursor](spi-spi-prepare-cursor.html)

SPI\_prepare\_extended, [SPI\_prepare\_extended](spi-spi-prepare-extended.html)

SPI\_prepare\_params, [SPI\_prepare\_params](spi-spi-prepare-params.html)

spi\_query

in PL/Perl, [Database Access from PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-DATABASE)

spi\_query\_prepared

in PL/Perl, [Database Access from PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-DATABASE)

SPI\_register\_relation, [SPI\_register\_relation](spi-spi-register-relation.html)

SPI\_register\_trigger\_data, [SPI\_register\_trigger\_data](spi-spi-register-trigger-data.html)

SPI\_repalloc, [SPI\_repalloc](spi-realloc.html)

SPI\_result\_code\_string, [SPI\_result\_code\_string](spi-spi-result-code-string.html)

SPI\_returntuple, [SPI\_returntuple](spi-spi-returntuple.html)

spi\_rollback

in PL/Perl, [Database Access from PL/Perl](plperl-builtins.html#PLPERL-DATABASE)

SPI\_rollback, [SPI\_rollback](spi-spi-rollback.html)

SPI\_rollback\_and\_chain, [SPI\_rollback](spi-spi-rollback.html)

SPI\_saveplan, [SPI\_saveplan](spi-spi-saveplan.html)

SPI\_scroll\_cursor\_fetch, [SPI\_scroll\_cursor\_fetch](spi-spi-scroll-cursor-fetch.html)

SPI\_scroll\_cursor\_move, [SPI\_scroll\_cursor\_move](spi-spi-scroll-cursor-move.html)

SPI\_start\_transaction, [SPI\_start\_transaction](spi-spi-start-transaction.html)

SPI\_unregister\_relation, [SPI\_unregister\_relation](spi-spi-unregister-relation.html)

split\_part, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

SQL/CLI, [SQL Conformance](features.html)

SQL/Foundation, [SQL Conformance](features.html)

SQL/Framework, [SQL Conformance](features.html)

SQL/JRT, [SQL Conformance](features.html)

SQL/JSON, [JSON Functions and Operators](functions-json.html)

functions and expressions, [JSON Functions and Operators](functions-json.html)

SQL/JSON path language, [The SQL/JSON Path Language](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-SQLJSON-PATH)

SQL/MDA, [SQL Conformance](features.html)

SQL/MED, [SQL Conformance](features.html)

SQL/OLB, [SQL Conformance](features.html)

SQL/PGQ, [SQL Conformance](features.html)

SQL/PSM, [SQL Conformance](features.html)

SQL/Schemata, [SQL Conformance](features.html)

SQL/XML, [SQL Conformance](features.html)

limits and conformance, [XML Limits and Conformance to SQL/XML](xml-limits-conformance.html)

sqrt, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

ssh, [Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSH Tunnels](ssh-tunnels.html)

SSI, [Introduction](mvcc-intro.html)

SSL, [Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSL](ssl-tcp.html), [SSL Support](libpq-ssl.html)

in libpq, [Connection Status Functions](libpq-status.html)

with libpq, [Parameter Key Words](libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PARAMKEYWORDS)

TLS, [Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSL](ssl-tcp.html), [SSL Support](libpq-ssl.html)

ssl configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

sslinfo, [sslinfo — obtain client SSL information](sslinfo.html)

ssl\_ca\_file configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_cert\_file configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_cipher, [Functions Provided](sslinfo.html#SSLINFO-FUNCTIONS)

ssl\_ciphers configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_client\_cert\_present, [Functions Provided](sslinfo.html#SSLINFO-FUNCTIONS)

ssl\_client\_dn, [Functions Provided](sslinfo.html#SSLINFO-FUNCTIONS)

ssl\_client\_dn\_field, [Functions Provided](sslinfo.html#SSLINFO-FUNCTIONS)

ssl\_client\_serial, [Functions Provided](sslinfo.html#SSLINFO-FUNCTIONS)

ssl\_crl\_dir configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_crl\_file configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_dh\_params\_file configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_extension\_info, [Functions Provided](sslinfo.html#SSLINFO-FUNCTIONS)

ssl\_groups configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_issuer\_dn, [Functions Provided](sslinfo.html#SSLINFO-FUNCTIONS)

ssl\_issuer\_field, [Functions Provided](sslinfo.html#SSLINFO-FUNCTIONS)

ssl\_is\_used, [Functions Provided](sslinfo.html#SSLINFO-FUNCTIONS)

ssl\_key\_file configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_library configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

ssl\_max\_protocol\_version configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_min\_protocol\_version configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_passphrase\_command configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_passphrase\_command\_supports\_reload configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_prefer\_server\_ciphers configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_tls13\_ciphers configuration parameter, [SSL](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SSL)

ssl\_version, [Functions Provided](sslinfo.html#SSLINFO-FUNCTIONS)

SSPI, [SSPI Authentication](sspi-auth.html)

STABLE, [Function Volatility Categories](xfunc-volatility.html)

standard deviation, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

population, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

sample, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

standard\_conforming\_strings configuration parameter, [Previous PostgreSQL Versions](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-VERSION)

standby server, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

standby.signal, [Archive Recovery](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-ARCHIVE-RECOVERY), [Standby Server Operation](warm-standby.html#STANDBY-SERVER-OPERATION), [Setting Up a Standby Server](warm-standby.html#STANDBY-SERVER-SETUP)

for hot standby, [Administrator's Overview](hot-standby.html#HOT-STANDBY-ADMIN)

pg\_basebackup --write-recovery-conf, [Options](app-pgbasebackup.html#id-1.9.4.10.6)

standby\_mode (see [standby.signal](#ientry-id-1.6.6.8.7.5.2))

START TRANSACTION, [START TRANSACTION](sql-start-transaction.html)

starts\_with, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

START\_REPLICATION, [Streaming Replication Protocol](protocol-replication.html)

statement\_timeout configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

statement\_timestamp, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

statistics, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html), [Statistics Used by the Planner](planner-stats.html), [Extended Statistics](planner-stats.html#PLANNER-STATS-EXTENDED), [Updating Planner Statistics](routine-vacuuming.html#VACUUM-FOR-STATISTICS), [The Cumulative Statistics System](monitoring-stats.html)

of the planner, [Statistics Used by the Planner](planner-stats.html), [Extended Statistics](planner-stats.html#PLANNER-STATS-EXTENDED), [Updating Planner Statistics](routine-vacuuming.html#VACUUM-FOR-STATISTICS)

stats\_fetch\_consistency configuration parameter, [Cumulative Query and Index Statistics](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CUMULATIVE-STATISTICS)

stddev, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

stddev\_pop, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

stddev\_samp, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

STONITH, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

storage parameters, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

Streaming Replication, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

strict\_word\_similarity, [Functions and Operators](pgtrgm.html#PGTRGM-FUNCS-OPS)

string (see [character string](#ientry-id-1.5.3.5.9.4.2))

strings

backslash quotes, [Previous PostgreSQL Versions](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-VERSION)

escape warning, [Previous PostgreSQL Versions](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-VERSION)

standard conforming, [Previous PostgreSQL Versions](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-VERSION)

string\_agg, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

string\_to\_array, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

string\_to\_table, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

strip, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Manipulating Documents](textsearch-features.html#TEXTSEARCH-MANIPULATE-TSVECTOR)

strpos, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

subarray, [intarray Functions and Operators](intarray.html#INTARRAY-FUNCS-OPS)

subltree, [Operators and Functions](ltree.html#LTREE-OPS-FUNCS)

subpath, [Operators and Functions](ltree.html#LTREE-OPS-FUNCS)

subplan, [EXPLAIN Basics](using-explain.html#USING-EXPLAIN-BASICS)

hashed, [EXPLAIN Basics](using-explain.html#USING-EXPLAIN-BASICS)

subquery, [Aggregate Functions](tutorial-agg.html), [Scalar Subqueries](sql-expressions.html#SQL-SYNTAX-SCALAR-SUBQUERIES), [Subqueries](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-SUBQUERIES), [Subquery Expressions](functions-subquery.html)

subscript, [Subscripts](sql-expressions.html#SQL-EXPRESSIONS-SUBSCRIPTS)

substr, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

substring, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html), [Bit String Functions and Operators](functions-bitstring.html), [SIMILAR TO Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-SIMILARTO-REGEXP), [POSIX Regular Expressions](functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-POSIX-REGEXP)

SUBSTRING\_REGEX, [Differences from SQL Standard and XQuery](functions-matching.html#POSIX-VS-XQUERY)

subtransactions

in PL/Tcl, [Explicit Subtransactions in PL/Tcl](pltcl-subtransactions.html)

subtransaction\_buffers configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

sum, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

summarize\_wal configuration parameter, [WAL Summarization](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SUMMARIZATION)

superuser, [Accessing a Database](tutorial-accessdb.html), [Role Attributes](role-attributes.html)

superuser\_reserved\_connections configuration parameter, [Connection Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SETTINGS)

support functions

in\_range, [B-Tree Support Functions](btree.html#BTREE-SUPPORT-FUNCS)

suppress\_redundant\_updates\_trigger, [Trigger Functions](functions-trigger.html)

svals, [hstore Operators and Functions](hstore.html#HSTORE-OPS-FUNCS)

synchronized\_standby\_slots configuration parameter, [Primary Server](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-PRIMARY)

synchronize\_seqscans configuration parameter, [Previous PostgreSQL Versions](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-VERSION)

synchronous commit, [Asynchronous Commit](wal-async-commit.html)

Synchronous Replication, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

synchronous\_commit configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

synchronous\_standby\_names configuration parameter, [Primary Server](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-PRIMARY)

sync\_replication\_slots configuration parameter, [Standby Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-STANDBY)

syntax, [SQL Syntax](sql-syntax.html)

SQL, [SQL Syntax](sql-syntax.html)

syslog\_facility configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

syslog\_ident configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

syslog\_sequence\_numbers configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

syslog\_split\_messages configuration parameter, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

system catalog, [The System Catalog Schema](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-CATALOG)

schema, [The System Catalog Schema](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-CATALOG)

systemd, [PostgreSQL Features](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTIONS-FEATURES), [PostgreSQL Features](install-meson.html#MESON-OPTIONS-FEATURES), [Starting the Database Server](server-start.html)

RemoveIPC, [systemd RemoveIPC](kernel-resources.html#SYSTEMD-REMOVEIPC)

system\_user, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

### T

table, [Concepts](tutorial-concepts.html), [Table Basics](ddl-basics.html), [Modifying Tables](ddl-alter.html)

creating, [Table Basics](ddl-basics.html)

inheritance, [Inheritance](ddl-inherit.html)

modifying, [Modifying Tables](ddl-alter.html)

partitioning, [Table Partitioning](ddl-partitioning.html)

removing, [Table Basics](ddl-basics.html)

renaming, [Renaming a Table](ddl-alter.html#DDL-ALTER-RENAMING-TABLE)

Table Access Method, [Table Access Method Interface Definition](tableam.html)

TABLE command, [SELECT](sql-select.html)

table expression, [Table Expressions](queries-table-expressions.html)

table function, [Table Functions](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-TABLEFUNCTIONS), [xmltable](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-XML-PROCESSING-XMLTABLE)

XMLTABLE, [xmltable](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-XML-PROCESSING-XMLTABLE)

table sampling method, [Writing a Table Sampling Method](tablesample-method.html)

tableam

Table Access Method, [Table Access Method Interface Definition](tableam.html)

tablefunc, [tablefunc — functions that return tables (crosstab and others)](tablefunc.html)

tableoid, [System Columns](ddl-system-columns.html)

TABLESAMPLE method, [Writing a Table Sampling Method](tablesample-method.html)

tablespace, [Tablespaces](manage-ag-tablespaces.html)

default, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

temporary, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

table\_am\_handler, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

tan, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

tand, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

tanh, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

target list, [The Query Tree](querytree.html)

Tcl, [PL/Tcl — Tcl Procedural Language](pltcl.html)

tcn, [tcn — a trigger function to notify listeners of changes to table content](tcn.html)

tcp\_keepalives\_count configuration parameter, [TCP Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-TCP-SETTINGS)

tcp\_keepalives\_idle configuration parameter, [TCP Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-TCP-SETTINGS)

tcp\_keepalives\_interval configuration parameter, [TCP Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-TCP-SETTINGS)

tcp\_user\_timeout configuration parameter, [TCP Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-TCP-SETTINGS)

template0, [Creating a Database](manage-ag-createdb.html), [Template Databases](manage-ag-templatedbs.html)

template1, [Creating a Database](manage-ag-createdb.html), [Template Databases](manage-ag-templatedbs.html)

temp\_buffers configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

temp\_file\_limit configuration parameter, [Disk](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-DISK)

temp\_tablespaces configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

test, [Regression Tests](regress.html)

test\_decoding, [test\_decoding — SQL-based test/example module for WAL logical decoding](test-decoding.html)

text, [Character Types](datatype-character.html), [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

text search, [Text Search Types](datatype-textsearch.html), [Text Search Types](datatype-textsearch.html), [Full Text Search](textsearch.html), [Preferred Index Types for Text Search](textsearch-indexes.html)

data types, [Text Search Types](datatype-textsearch.html)

functions and operators, [Text Search Types](datatype-textsearch.html)

indexes, [Preferred Index Types for Text Search](textsearch-indexes.html)

text2ltree, [Operators and Functions](ltree.html#LTREE-OPS-FUNCS)

threads, [Behavior in Threaded Programs](libpq-threading.html)

with libpq, [Behavior in Threaded Programs](libpq-threading.html)

tid, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

time, [Date/Time Types](datatype-datetime.html), [Times](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-DATETIME-INPUT-TIMES)

constants, [Special Values](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-DATETIME-SPECIAL-VALUES)

current, [Current Date/Time](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-CURRENT)

output format, [Date/Time Output](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-DATETIME-OUTPUT)

(see also [formatting](#ientry-id-1.5.8.14.2))

time span, [Date/Time Types](datatype-datetime.html)

time with time zone, [Date/Time Types](datatype-datetime.html), [Times](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-DATETIME-INPUT-TIMES)

time without time zone, [Date/Time Types](datatype-datetime.html), [Times](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-DATETIME-INPUT-TIMES)

time zone, [Time Zones](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-TIMEZONES), [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT), [POSIX Time Zone Specifications](datetime-posix-timezone-specs.html)

conversion, [AT TIME ZONE and AT LOCAL](functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-ZONECONVERT)

input abbreviations, [Date/Time Configuration Files](datetime-config-files.html)

POSIX-style specification, [POSIX Time Zone Specifications](datetime-posix-timezone-specs.html)

time zone data, [Build Process Details](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTIONS-BUILD-PROCESS), [Build Process Details](install-meson.html#MESON-OPTIONS-BUILD-PROCESS)

time zone names, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

timelines, [Backup and Restore](backup.html)

TIMELINE\_HISTORY, [Streaming Replication Protocol](protocol-replication.html)

timeofday, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

timeout

client authentication, [Authentication](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-AUTHENTICATION)

deadlock, [Lock Management](runtime-config-locks.html)

timestamp, [Date/Time Types](datatype-datetime.html), [Time Stamps](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-DATETIME-INPUT-TIME-STAMPS)

timestamp with time zone, [Date/Time Types](datatype-datetime.html), [Time Stamps](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-DATETIME-INPUT-TIME-STAMPS)

timestamp without time zone, [Date/Time Types](datatype-datetime.html), [Time Stamps](datatype-datetime.html#DATATYPE-DATETIME-INPUT-TIME-STAMPS)

timestamptz, [Date/Time Types](datatype-datetime.html)

TimeZone configuration parameter, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

timezone\_abbreviations configuration parameter, [Locale and Formatting](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-FORMAT)

TOAST, [TOAST](storage-toast.html)

and user-defined types, [TOAST Considerations](xtypes.html#XTYPES-TOAST)

per-column storage settings, [Description](sql-altertable.html#id-1.9.3.35.5), [Parameters](sql-createtable.html#id-1.9.3.85.6)

per-type storage settings, [Description](sql-altertype.html#id-1.9.3.42.5)

versus large objects, [Introduction](lo-intro.html)

toast\_tuple\_target storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

token, [Lexical Structure](sql-syntax-lexical.html)

to\_ascii, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

to\_bin, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

to\_char, [Data Type Formatting Functions](functions-formatting.html)

and locales, [Behavior](locale.html#LOCALE-BEHAVIOR)

to\_date, [Data Type Formatting Functions](functions-formatting.html)

to\_hex, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

to\_json, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

to\_jsonb, [Processing and Creating JSON Data](functions-json.html#FUNCTIONS-JSON-PROCESSING)

to\_number, [Data Type Formatting Functions](functions-formatting.html)

to\_oct, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

to\_regclass, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

to\_regcollation, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

to\_regnamespace, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

to\_regoper, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

to\_regoperator, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

to\_regproc, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

to\_regprocedure, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

to\_regrole, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

to\_regtype, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

to\_regtypemod, [System Catalog Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-CATALOG)

to\_timestamp, [Data Type Formatting Functions](functions-formatting.html), [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

to\_tsquery, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Parsing Queries](textsearch-controls.html#TEXTSEARCH-PARSING-QUERIES)

to\_tsvector, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Parsing Documents](textsearch-controls.html#TEXTSEARCH-PARSING-DOCUMENTS)

trace\_locks configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

trace\_lock\_oidmin configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

trace\_lock\_table configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

trace\_lwlocks configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

trace\_notify configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

trace\_sort configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

trace\_userlocks configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

track\_activities configuration parameter, [Cumulative Query and Index Statistics](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CUMULATIVE-STATISTICS)

track\_activity\_query\_size configuration parameter, [Cumulative Query and Index Statistics](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CUMULATIVE-STATISTICS)

track\_commit\_timestamp configuration parameter, [Sending Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-SENDER)

track\_cost\_delay\_timing configuration parameter, [Cumulative Query and Index Statistics](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CUMULATIVE-STATISTICS)

track\_counts configuration parameter, [Cumulative Query and Index Statistics](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CUMULATIVE-STATISTICS)

track\_functions configuration parameter, [Cumulative Query and Index Statistics](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CUMULATIVE-STATISTICS)

track\_io\_timing configuration parameter, [Cumulative Query and Index Statistics](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CUMULATIVE-STATISTICS)

track\_wal\_io\_timing configuration parameter, [Cumulative Query and Index Statistics](runtime-config-statistics.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CUMULATIVE-STATISTICS)

transaction, [Transactions](tutorial-transactions.html)

transaction ID, [Preventing Transaction ID Wraparound Failures](routine-vacuuming.html#VACUUM-FOR-WRAPAROUND)

wraparound, [Preventing Transaction ID Wraparound Failures](routine-vacuuming.html#VACUUM-FOR-WRAPAROUND)

transaction isolation, [Transaction Isolation](transaction-iso.html)

transaction isolation level, [Transaction Isolation](transaction-iso.html), [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

read committed, [Read Committed Isolation Level](transaction-iso.html#XACT-READ-COMMITTED)

repeatable read, [Repeatable Read Isolation Level](transaction-iso.html#XACT-REPEATABLE-READ)

serializable, [Serializable Isolation Level](transaction-iso.html#XACT-SERIALIZABLE)

setting, [SET TRANSACTION](sql-set-transaction.html)

setting default, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

transaction log (see [WAL](#ientry-id-1.6.15.5.2))

transaction\_buffers configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

transaction\_deferrable configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

transaction\_isolation configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

transaction\_read\_only configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

transaction\_timeout configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

transaction\_timestamp, [Date/Time Functions and Operators](functions-datetime.html)

transform\_null\_equals configuration parameter, [Platform and Client Compatibility](runtime-config-compatible.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-COMPATIBLE-CLIENTS)

transition tables, [CREATE TRIGGER](sql-createtrigger.html)

(see also [ephemeral named relation](#ientry-id-1.8.12.8.31.2))

implementation in PLs, [SPI\_register\_trigger\_data](spi-spi-register-trigger-data.html)

referencing from C trigger, [Writing Trigger Functions in C](trigger-interface.html)

translate, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

TRANSLATE\_REGEX, [Differences from SQL Standard and XQuery](functions-matching.html#POSIX-VS-XQUERY)

transparent huge pages, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

trigger, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html), [Triggers](triggers.html), [Writing Trigger Functions in C](trigger-interface.html), [Rules Versus Triggers](rules-triggers.html), [Trigger Functions](plpgsql-trigger.html), [Trigger Functions](plpython-trigger.html)

arguments for trigger functions, [Overview of Trigger Behavior](trigger-definition.html)

constraint trigger, [Description](sql-createtrigger.html#id-1.9.3.93.6)

for updating a derived tsvector column, [Triggers for Automatic Updates](textsearch-features.html#TEXTSEARCH-UPDATE-TRIGGERS)

in C, [Writing Trigger Functions in C](trigger-interface.html)

in PL/pgSQL, [Trigger Functions](plpgsql-trigger.html)

in PL/Python, [Trigger Functions](plpython-trigger.html)

in PL/Tcl, [Trigger Functions in PL/Tcl](pltcl-trigger.html)

compared with rules, [Rules Versus Triggers](rules-triggers.html)

triggered\_change\_notification, [tcn — a trigger function to notify listeners of changes to table content](tcn.html)

trim, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Binary String Functions and Operators](functions-binarystring.html)

trim\_array, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

trim\_scale, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

true, [Boolean Type](datatype-boolean.html)

trunc, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html), [Network Address Functions and Operators](functions-net.html)

TRUNCATE, [TRUNCATE](sql-truncate.html)

trusted, [Trusted and Untrusted PL/Perl](plperl-trusted.html)

PL/Perl, [Trusted and Untrusted PL/Perl](plperl-trusted.html)

tsm\_handler, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

tsm\_system\_rows, [tsm\_system\_rows — the SYSTEM\_ROWS sampling method for TABLESAMPLE](tsm-system-rows.html)

tsm\_system\_time, [tsm\_system\_time — the SYSTEM\_TIME sampling method for TABLESAMPLE](tsm-system-time.html)

tsquery (data type), [tsquery](datatype-textsearch.html#DATATYPE-TSQUERY)

tsquery\_phrase, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Manipulating Queries](textsearch-features.html#TEXTSEARCH-MANIPULATE-TSQUERY)

tsvector (data type), [tsvector](datatype-textsearch.html#DATATYPE-TSVECTOR)

tsvector concatenation, [Manipulating Documents](textsearch-features.html#TEXTSEARCH-MANIPULATE-TSVECTOR)

tsvector\_to\_array, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html)

tsvector\_update\_trigger, [Trigger Functions](functions-trigger.html)

tsvector\_update\_trigger\_column, [Trigger Functions](functions-trigger.html)

ts\_debug, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Configuration Testing](textsearch-debugging.html#TEXTSEARCH-CONFIGURATION-TESTING)

ts\_delete, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html)

ts\_filter, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html)

ts\_headline, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Highlighting Results](textsearch-controls.html#TEXTSEARCH-HEADLINE)

ts\_lexize, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Dictionary Testing](textsearch-debugging.html#TEXTSEARCH-DICTIONARY-TESTING)

ts\_parse, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Parser Testing](textsearch-debugging.html#TEXTSEARCH-PARSER-TESTING)

ts\_rank, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Ranking Search Results](textsearch-controls.html#TEXTSEARCH-RANKING)

ts\_rank\_cd, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Ranking Search Results](textsearch-controls.html#TEXTSEARCH-RANKING)

ts\_rewrite, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Query Rewriting](textsearch-features.html#TEXTSEARCH-QUERY-REWRITING)

ts\_stat, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Gathering Document Statistics](textsearch-features.html#TEXTSEARCH-STATISTICS)

ts\_token\_type, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html), [Parser Testing](textsearch-debugging.html#TEXTSEARCH-PARSER-TESTING)

tuple\_data\_split, [Heap Functions](pageinspect.html#PAGEINSPECT-HEAP-FUNCS)

txid\_current, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

txid\_current\_if\_assigned, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

txid\_current\_snapshot, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

txid\_snapshot\_xip, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

txid\_snapshot\_xmax, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

txid\_snapshot\_xmin, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

txid\_status, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

txid\_visible\_in\_snapshot, [Transaction ID and Snapshot Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SNAPSHOT)

type (see [data type](#ientry-id-1.5.3.5.9.10.2))

type cast, [Numeric Constants](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-CONSTANTS-NUMERIC), [Type Casts](sql-expressions.html#SQL-SYNTAX-TYPE-CASTS)

typedef

in ECPG, [Typedefs](ecpg-variables.html#ECPG-VARIABLES-NONPRIMITIVE-C-TYPEDEFS)

### U

UESCAPE, [Identifiers and Key Words](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS), [String Constants with Unicode Escapes](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-STRINGS-UESCAPE)

unaccent, [unaccent — a text search dictionary which removes diacritics](unaccent.html), [Functions](unaccent.html#UNACCENT-FUNCTIONS)

Unicode escape, [String Constants with Unicode Escapes](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-STRINGS-UESCAPE)

in identifiers, [Identifiers and Key Words](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-IDENTIFIERS)

in string constants, [String Constants with Unicode Escapes](sql-syntax-lexical.html#SQL-SYNTAX-STRINGS-UESCAPE)

Unicode normalization, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

unicode\_assigned, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

unicode\_version, [Version Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-VERSION)

UNION, [Combining Queries (UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT)](queries-union.html), [UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs](typeconv-union-case.html)

determination of result type, [UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs](typeconv-union-case.html)

uniq, [intarray Functions and Operators](intarray.html#INTARRAY-FUNCS-OPS)

unique constraint, [Unique Constraints](ddl-constraints.html#DDL-CONSTRAINTS-UNIQUE-CONSTRAINTS)

unistr, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html)

Unix domain socket, [Parameter Key Words](libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-PARAMKEYWORDS)

unix\_socket\_directories configuration parameter, [Connection Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SETTINGS)

unix\_socket\_group configuration parameter, [Connection Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SETTINGS)

unix\_socket\_permissions configuration parameter, [Connection Settings](runtime-config-connection.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CONNECTION-SETTINGS)

unknown, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

UNLISTEN, [UNLISTEN](sql-unlisten.html)

unnest, [Array Functions and Operators](functions-array.html)

for multirange, [Range/Multirange Functions and Operators](functions-range.html)

for tsvector, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html)

unqualified name, [The Schema Search Path](ddl-schemas.html#DDL-SCHEMAS-PATH)

updatable views, [Updatable Views](sql-createview.html#SQL-CREATEVIEW-UPDATABLE-VIEWS)

UPDATE, [Updates](tutorial-update.html), [Updating Data](dml-update.html), [Returning Data from Modified Rows](dml-returning.html), [UPDATE](sql-update.html)

RETURNING, [Returning Data from Modified Rows](dml-returning.html)

update\_process\_title configuration parameter, [Process Title](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-PROC-TITLE)

updating, [Updating Data](dml-update.html)

upgrading, [Upgrading a PostgreSQL Cluster](upgrading.html)

UPLOAD\_MANIFEST, [Streaming Replication Protocol](protocol-replication.html)

upper, [String Functions and Operators](functions-string.html), [Range/Multirange Functions and Operators](functions-range.html)

and locales, [Behavior](locale.html#LOCALE-BEHAVIOR)

upper\_inc, [Range/Multirange Functions and Operators](functions-range.html)

upper\_inf, [Range/Multirange Functions and Operators](functions-range.html)

UPSERT, [INSERT](sql-insert.html)

URI, [Connection Strings](libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNSTRING)

user, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION), [Database Roles](database-roles.html)

current, [Session Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-SESSION)

user mapping, [Foreign Data](ddl-foreign-data.html)

User name maps, [User Name Maps](auth-username-maps.html)

user\_catalog\_table storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

UUID, [UUID Type](datatype-uuid.html), [UUID Functions](functions-uuid.html), [PostgreSQL Features](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTIONS-FEATURES), [PostgreSQL Features](install-meson.html#MESON-OPTIONS-FEATURES)

generating, [UUID Functions](functions-uuid.html)

uuid-ossp, [uuid-ossp — a UUID generator](uuid-ossp.html)

uuidv4, [UUID Functions](functions-uuid.html)

uuidv7, [UUID Functions](functions-uuid.html)

uuid\_extract\_timestamp, [UUID Functions](functions-uuid.html)

uuid\_extract\_version, [UUID Functions](functions-uuid.html)

uuid\_generate\_v1, [uuid-ossp Functions](uuid-ossp.html#UUID-OSSP-FUNCTIONS-SECT)

uuid\_generate\_v1mc, [uuid-ossp Functions](uuid-ossp.html#UUID-OSSP-FUNCTIONS-SECT)

uuid\_generate\_v3, [uuid-ossp Functions](uuid-ossp.html#UUID-OSSP-FUNCTIONS-SECT)

### V

vacuum, [Routine Vacuuming](routine-vacuuming.html)

configuration parameters, [Vacuuming](runtime-config-vacuum.html)

VACUUM, [VACUUM](sql-vacuum.html)

vacuumdb, [vacuumdb](app-vacuumdb.html)

vacuumlo, [vacuumlo](vacuumlo.html)

vacuum\_buffer\_usage\_limit configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

vacuum\_cost\_delay configuration parameter, [Cost-based Vacuum Delay](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-VACUUM-COST)

vacuum\_cost\_limit configuration parameter, [Cost-based Vacuum Delay](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-VACUUM-COST)

vacuum\_cost\_page\_dirty configuration parameter, [Cost-based Vacuum Delay](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-VACUUM-COST)

vacuum\_cost\_page\_hit configuration parameter, [Cost-based Vacuum Delay](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-VACUUM-COST)

vacuum\_cost\_page\_miss configuration parameter, [Cost-based Vacuum Delay](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-VACUUM-COST)

vacuum\_failsafe\_age configuration parameter, [Freezing](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-VACUUM-FREEZING)

vacuum\_freeze\_min\_age configuration parameter, [Freezing](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-VACUUM-FREEZING)

vacuum\_freeze\_table\_age configuration parameter, [Freezing](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-VACUUM-FREEZING)

vacuum\_index\_cleanup storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

vacuum\_max\_eager\_freeze\_failure\_rate

configuration parameter, [Freezing](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-VACUUM-FREEZING)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

vacuum\_multixact\_failsafe\_age configuration parameter, [Freezing](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-VACUUM-FREEZING)

vacuum\_multixact\_freeze\_min\_age configuration parameter, [Freezing](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-VACUUM-FREEZING)

vacuum\_multixact\_freeze\_table\_age configuration parameter, [Freezing](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-VACUUM-FREEZING)

vacuum\_truncate

configuration parameter, [Default Behavior](runtime-config-vacuum.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-VACUUM-DEFAULT)

storage parameter, [Storage Parameters](sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-STORAGE-PARAMETERS)

value expression, [Value Expressions](sql-expressions.html)

VALUES, [VALUES Lists](queries-values.html), [UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs](typeconv-union-case.html), [VALUES](sql-values.html)

determination of result type, [UNION, CASE, and Related Constructs](typeconv-union-case.html)

varchar, [Character Types](datatype-character.html)

variadic function, [SQL Functions with Variable Numbers of Arguments](xfunc-sql.html#XFUNC-SQL-VARIADIC-FUNCTIONS)

variance, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

population, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

sample, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

var\_pop, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

var\_samp, [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

version, [Accessing a Database](tutorial-accessdb.html), [Version Information Functions](functions-info.html#FUNCTIONS-INFO-VERSION), [Upgrading a PostgreSQL Cluster](upgrading.html)

compatibility, [Upgrading a PostgreSQL Cluster](upgrading.html)

view, [Views](tutorial-views.html), [Views and the Rule System](rules-views.html), [Materialized Views](rules-materializedviews.html), [Cooperation with Views](rules-update.html#RULES-UPDATE-VIEWS)

implementation through rules, [Views and the Rule System](rules-views.html)

materialized, [Materialized Views](rules-materializedviews.html)

updating, [Cooperation with Views](rules-update.html#RULES-UPDATE-VIEWS)

Visibility Map, [Visibility Map](storage-vm.html)

Visual Studio, [Visual Studio](installation-platform-notes.html#INSTALLATION-NOTES-VISUAL-STUDIO)

installation on, [Visual Studio](installation-platform-notes.html#INSTALLATION-NOTES-VISUAL-STUDIO)

VM (see [Visibility Map](#ientry-id-1.10.18.6.2))

void, [Pseudo-Types](datatype-pseudo.html)

VOLATILE, [Function Volatility Categories](xfunc-volatility.html)

volatility, [Function Volatility Categories](xfunc-volatility.html)

functions, [Function Volatility Categories](xfunc-volatility.html)

VPATH, [Installation Procedure](install-make.html#INSTALL-PROCEDURE-MAKE), [Extension Building Infrastructure](extend-pgxs.html)

### W

WAL, [Reliability and the Write-Ahead Log](wal.html)

wal\_block\_size configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

wal\_buffers configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

wal\_compression configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

wal\_consistency\_checking configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

wal\_debug configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

wal\_decode\_buffer\_size configuration parameter, [Recovery](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-RECOVERY)

wal\_init\_zero configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

wal\_keep\_size configuration parameter, [Sending Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-SENDER)

wal\_level configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

wal\_log\_hints configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

wal\_receiver\_create\_temp\_slot configuration parameter, [Standby Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-STANDBY)

wal\_receiver\_status\_interval configuration parameter, [Standby Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-STANDBY)

wal\_receiver\_timeout configuration parameter, [Standby Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-STANDBY)

wal\_recycle configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

wal\_retrieve\_retry\_interval configuration parameter, [Standby Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-STANDBY)

wal\_segment\_size configuration parameter, [Preset Options](runtime-config-preset.html)

wal\_sender\_timeout configuration parameter, [Sending Servers](runtime-config-replication.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-REPLICATION-SENDER)

wal\_skip\_threshold configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

wal\_summary\_keep\_time configuration parameter, [WAL Summarization](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SUMMARIZATION)

wal\_sync\_method configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

wal\_writer\_delay configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

wal\_writer\_flush\_after configuration parameter, [Settings](runtime-config-wal.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-WAL-SETTINGS)

warm standby, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

websearch\_to\_tsquery, [Text Search Functions and Operators](functions-textsearch.html)

WHERE, [The WHERE Clause](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-WHERE)

where to log, [Where to Log](runtime-config-logging.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-LOGGING-WHERE)

WHILE

in PL/pgSQL, [WHILE](plpgsql-control-structures.html#PLPGSQL-CONTROL-STRUCTURES-LOOPS-WHILE)

width, [Geometric Functions and Operators](functions-geometry.html)

width\_bucket, [Mathematical Functions and Operators](functions-math.html)

window function, [Window Functions](tutorial-window.html), [Window Function Calls](sql-expressions.html#SYNTAX-WINDOW-FUNCTIONS), [Window Function Processing](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-WINDOW), [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

built-in, [Window Functions](functions-window.html)

invocation, [Window Function Calls](sql-expressions.html#SYNTAX-WINDOW-FUNCTIONS)

order of execution, [Window Function Processing](queries-table-expressions.html#QUERIES-WINDOW)

WITH, [WITH Queries (Common Table Expressions)](queries-with.html), [SELECT](sql-select.html)

in SELECT, [WITH Queries (Common Table Expressions)](queries-with.html), [SELECT](sql-select.html)

WITH CHECK OPTION, [CREATE VIEW](sql-createview.html)

WITHIN GROUP, [Aggregate Expressions](sql-expressions.html#SYNTAX-AGGREGATES)

witness server, [High Availability, Load Balancing, and Replication](high-availability.html)

word\_similarity, [Functions and Operators](pgtrgm.html#PGTRGM-FUNCS-OPS)

work\_mem configuration parameter, [Memory](runtime-config-resource.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-RESOURCE-MEMORY)

wraparound

of multixact IDs, [Multixacts and Wraparound](routine-vacuuming.html#VACUUM-FOR-MULTIXACT-WRAPAROUND)

of transaction IDs, [Preventing Transaction ID Wraparound Failures](routine-vacuuming.html#VACUUM-FOR-WRAPAROUND)

### X

xid, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

xid8, [Object Identifier Types](datatype-oid.html)

xmax, [System Columns](ddl-system-columns.html)

xmin, [System Columns](ddl-system-columns.html)

XML, [XML Type](datatype-xml.html)

XML export, [Mapping Tables to XML](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-XML-MAPPING)

XML Functions, [XML Functions](functions-xml.html)

XML option, [Creating XML Values](datatype-xml.html#DATATYPE-XML-CREATING), [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

xml2, [xml2 — XPath querying and XSLT functionality](xml2.html)

xmlagg, [xmlagg](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-XML-XMLAGG), [Aggregate Functions](functions-aggregate.html)

xmlbinary configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

xmlcomment, [xmlcomment](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-PRODUCING-XML-XMLCOMMENT)

xmlconcat, [xmlconcat](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-PRODUCING-XML-XMLCONCAT)

xmlelement, [xmlelement](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-PRODUCING-XML-XMLELEMENT)

XMLEXISTS, [XMLEXISTS](functions-xml.html#XML-EXISTS)

xmlforest, [xmlforest](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-PRODUCING-XML-XMLFOREST)

xmloption configuration parameter, [Statement Behavior](runtime-config-client.html#RUNTIME-CONFIG-CLIENT-STATEMENT)

xmlparse, [Creating XML Values](datatype-xml.html#DATATYPE-XML-CREATING)

xmlpi, [xmlpi](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-PRODUCING-XML-XMLPI)

xmlroot, [xmlroot](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-PRODUCING-XML-XMLROOT)

xmlserialize, [Creating XML Values](datatype-xml.html#DATATYPE-XML-CREATING)

xmltable, [xmltable](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-XML-PROCESSING-XMLTABLE)

xmltext, [xmltext](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-PRODUCING-XML-XMLTEXT)

xml\_is\_well\_formed, [xml\_is\_well\_formed](functions-xml.html#XML-IS-WELL-FORMED)

xml\_is\_well\_formed\_content, [xml\_is\_well\_formed](functions-xml.html#XML-IS-WELL-FORMED)

xml\_is\_well\_formed\_document, [xml\_is\_well\_formed](functions-xml.html#XML-IS-WELL-FORMED)

XPath, [xpath](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-XML-PROCESSING-XPATH)

xpath\_exists, [xpath\_exists](functions-xml.html#FUNCTIONS-XML-PROCESSING-XPATH-EXISTS)

xpath\_table, [xpath\_table](xml2.html#XML2-XPATH-TABLE)

XQuery regular expressions, [Differences from SQL Standard and XQuery](functions-matching.html#POSIX-VS-XQUERY)

xslt\_process, [xslt\_process](xml2.html#XML2-XSLT-XSLT-PROCESS)

### Y

yacc, [Requirements](install-requirements.html)

### Z

zero\_damaged\_pages configuration parameter, [Developer Options](runtime-config-developer.html)

zlib, [Requirements](install-requirements.html), [Anti-Features](install-make.html#CONFIGURE-OPTIONS-ANTI-FEATURES), [Anti-Features](install-meson.html#MESON-OPTIONS-ANTI-FEATURES)

## Submit correction

If you see anything in the documentation that is not correct, does not match your experience with the particular feature or requires further clarification, please use [this form](/account/comments/new/18/bookindex.html/) to report a documentation issue.
